Density of Fe‐Ni‐C Liquids at High Pressures and Implications for Liquid Cores of Earth and the Moon

Density of Fe‐Ni‐C Liquids at High Pressures and Implications for Liquid Cores of Earth and the Moon
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高压下 Fe-Ni-C 液体的密度及其对地球和月球液体核心的影响

DOI:
10.1029/2020jb021089
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发表时间:
2021
期刊:
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Chen, Bin
Chen, Bin
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Zhu, Feng;Lai, Xiaojing;Wang, Jianwei;Amulele, George;Kono, Yoshio;Shen, Guoyin;Jing, Zhicheng;Manghnani, Murli H.;Williams, Quentin;Chen, Bin

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轻元素存在于地球、月球和其他多岩石的行星体的金属核心中已被广泛提出。由于碳在宇宙中的高丰度、亲铁的性质以及在铁陨石中的普遍存在,碳是最有可能的候选物质之一。然而,富碳的核心成分模型是否能解释地球和月球核心内的地震速度观测结果,仍然存在争议。本文利用同步辐射X射线吸收实验和第一性原理分子动力学模拟,研究了Fe90Ni10-3wt.%C和Fe90Ni10-5wt.%C液态合金的密度和弹性。结果表明,3wt.%和5wt.%C的合金化使Fe90Ni10熔体密度在2 GPa时降低了2.9-3.1%,在9 GPa时降低了∼3.4-3.6%。更有趣的是,我们的实验和模拟都表明,Fe-Ni-C液体的体积弹性模量与Fe-Ni液体相似或略高于Fe-Ni液体。因此,计算的Fe-Ni-C液体的压缩速度(Vp)高于纯Fe-Ni合金的压缩速度(Vp),这促使碳成为解释地球外核Vp升高的可能候选者。然而,所研究的两种Fe-Ni-C液体的密度和Vp值与外核地震模型不匹配,这表明碳可能不是地球外核唯一的主要轻元素。Fe-Ni-C液体的高含量与月球外核的假设值不太匹配,这表明碳不太可能是月球外核的主要轻元素。
The presence of light elements in the metallic cores of the Earth, the Moon, and other rocky planetary bodies has been widely proposed. Carbon is among the top candidates in light of its high cosmic abundance, siderophile nature, and ubiquity in iron meteorites. It is, however, still controversial whether carbon‐rich core compositional models can account for the seismic velocity observations within the Earth and lunar cores. Here, we report the density and elasticity of Fe90Ni10‐3 wt.% C and Fe90Ni10‐5 wt.% C liquid alloys using synchrotron‐based X‐ray absorption experiments and first‐principles molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that alloying of 3 wt.% and 5 wt.% C lowers the density of Fe90Ni10liquid by ∼2.9–3.1% at 2 GPa, and ∼3.4–3.6% at 9 GPa. More intriguingly, our experiments and simulations both demonstrate that the bulk moduli of the Fe‐Ni‐C liquids are similar to or slightly higher than those of Fe‐Ni liquids. Thus, the calculated compressional velocities (vp) of Fe‐Ni‐C liquids are higher than that of pure Fe‐Ni alloy, promoting carbon as a possible candidate to explain the elevatedvpin the Earth's outer core. However, the values and slopes of both density andvpof the studied two Fe‐Ni‐C liquids do not match the outer core seismic models, suggesting that carbon may not be the sole principal light element in Earth's outer core. The highvpof Fe‐Ni‐C liquids does not match the presumptivevpof the lunar outer core well, indicating that carbon is less likely to be its dominant light element.
富铁熔体的压缩性变化及其对核心形成模型的影响
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