Lameness on Brazilian pasture based dairies-part 1: Farmers' awareness and actions
Lameness on Brazilian pasture based dairies-part 1: Farmers' awareness and actions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.prevetmed.2018.06.007
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Hotzel, Maria Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bran, Jose A.;Daros, Rolnei R.;Hotzel, Maria Jose
这项横断面调查旨在验证农民对放牧奶牛跛行的认识和了解，并分析他们控制这一问题的观点和行动。 2015 年，对位于巴西南部的农场（n = 44，平均牛群规模：42，SD = 11.2）进行了两次访问。第一次访问时，农民被要求回答一份关于其农场跛行知识（作为健康问题、病因学、对扑杀的影响的相对重要性）和管理（预防、治疗和兽医援助）的调查问卷。农民被要求估计每次访问时农场里跛脚牛的数量。兽医对每个农场的所有泌乳牛的运动进行评分，以估计两次就诊时跛行的发生率。组内相关系数（ICC）用于测试兽医和农民估计的跛行患病率之间的相似性。采用混合效应线性模型来调查兽医估计的跛行患病率与农民关于跛行重要性和对农场宰杀奶牛的影响的回答之间的关联。平均而言，农民在两次访问期间都低估了跛行的患病率；然而，当仅评估严重跛行时，兽医和农民第二次就诊时的跛行患病率评级非常相似（ICC 0.8，95% CI：0.6-0.9，n = 43，P < 0.01）。兽医估计，与农民不认为跛行是健康问题或宰杀原因的农场相比，农民将跛行视为主要健康问题 (40.24%) 或宰杀原因 (41.7%) 的牛群的跛行患病率高出约 10%。农民报告最多的农场跛行原因包括蹄外伤、与酸中毒-蹄叶炎相关的喂养方法不当、行走表面高度潮湿以及奶牛的个体特征。农民们经常提到，他们使用抗生素和外用蹄类产品来治疗跛脚牛；他们还报告称，很少使用消炎/镇痛药和修蹄作为治疗补救措施，而且没有人提到采取常规预防措施来预防跛行。农民报告说他们没有接受过跛行管理培训，并指出农场总体上缺乏控制跛行的兽医支持。农民们似乎没有意识到他们的农场跛行的严重程度。旨在减少巴西该地区小规模畜群跛行的干预措施应包括预防性兽医援助方法，其重点首先是提高农民对跛行的了解和认识。
This cross-sectional survey aimed to verify farmers' awareness and knowledge about lameness in grazing dairy cows and to analyze their perspectives and actions intended to control this issue. Farms (n = 44, mean herd size: 42, SD = 11.2) located in southern Brazil were visited twice in 2015. On the first visit the farmers were requested to answer a questionnaire on lameness knowledge (relative importance as a health issue, aetiology, impacts on culling) and management (prevention, treatment and veterinary assistance) on their farms. Farmers were asked to estimate the number of lame cows present on their farms at each visit. All lactating cows on each farm were locomotion scored by a veterinarian to estimate lameness prevalence on both visits. Intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) were used to test similarity between the veterinarian and farmer estimated lameness prevalence. Mixed-effects linear models were fitted to investigate the associations between veterinarian lameness estimated prevalence and farmers' answers regarding lameness importance and impacts on culling cows at the farms. On average, farmers underestimated lameness prevalence during both visits; however, when assessing only severe lameness, veterinarian and farmer prevalence lameness ratings were very similar on the second visit (ICC 0.8, 95% CI: 0.6-0.9, n = 43, P < 0.01). The veterinarian's estimated lameness prevalence was about 10% higher on herds where farmers identified lameness as a primary health issue (40.24%) or as a reason for culling (41.7%) versus farms where the farmer did not recognize lameness as a health concern or reason for culling. Farmers' most reported causes of lameness on their farms were categorized as hoof trauma, inadequate feeding practices associated with acidosis-laminitis, high moisture on walking surfaces, and individual features of cows. Farmers mentioned frequently that they made use of antibiotics and topical hoof products to treat lame cows; they also reported low use of anti-inflammatories/analgesics and hoof trimming as treatment remedies and no one mentioned adoption of regular preventative measures for lameness. Farmers reported having no training on lameness management, and cited an overall lack of veterinary support to control lameness on their farms. The farmers seemed unaware of the extent of lameness on their farms. Interventions aimed at reducing lameness in small scale herds in this region of Brazil should include a preventative veterinary assistance approach focused, initially, to increase farmers' knowledge and awareness on lameness.