DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL SMOKING AND FRIENDS SMOKING ON ADOLESCENT INITIATION AND ESCALATION OF SMOKING
DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL SMOKING AND FRIENDS SMOKING ON ADOLESCENT INITIATION AND ESCALATION OF SMOKING
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DOI：
10.2307/2137279
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发表时间：
1994-09-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
SUSSMAN, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FLAY, BR;HU, FB;SUSSMAN, S
与吸烟有关的行为和重要他人（特别是朋友和父母）的态度是青少年吸烟最一致的预测因素之一。 然而，对于重要他人的行为是否会直接或间接影响青少年吸烟，理论界仍存在分歧，父母和同伴吸烟对青少年自身吸烟的相对影响也存在争议。 此外，很少有研究探讨重要他人的行为在吸烟开始的不同阶段所起的作用。 特别是，关于社会对吸烟行为影响的性别和种族差异的信息不多。 我们使用结构方程模型来解决这些问题。 从认知情感理论（Ajzen 1985; Ajzen and Fishbein 1980）和社会学习理论（Akers et al. 1979; Bandura 1969，1982，1986）的不同理论观点已经被整合到吸烟影响的结构模型中。 结果表明，朋友吸烟对青少年的吸烟行为有直接和间接的影响，而父母吸烟仅对青少年的吸烟行为有间接的影响。 数据还显示，朋友和父母的吸烟仅间接影响吸烟升级。 总体而言，朋友吸烟对青少年的吸烟行为有较强的影响，尤其是在开始吸烟方面。 多组比较的结构模型预测吸烟开始之间的男性和女性发现，父母批准吸烟起着重要的中介作用的女性，但不为男性。 通过对白人、黑人、西班牙裔和其他族裔的比较发现，这四个群体在朋友影响的途径上存在显著差异。
Smoking-related behaviors and attitudes of significant others (especially friends and parents) are among the most consistent predictors of adolescent smoking. However, theorists remain divided on whether the behaviors of significant others influence adolescent smoking directly or indirectly, and the relative influence of parental and peer smoking on adolescents' own smoking is still a matter of debate. In addition, little research has examined the role of significant others' behavior on different stages of smoking onset. In particular, not much information is available regarding gender and ethnic differences in social influences on smoking behavior. We use structural equation modeling to address these issues. Different theoretical perspectives from cognitive-affective theories (Ajzen 1985; Ajzen and Fishbein 1980) and social learning theories (Akers et al. 1979; Bandura 1969, 1982, 1986) have been integrated into a structural model of smoking influence. The results show that friends' smoking affects adolescent initiation into smoking both directly and indirectly, whereas parental smoking influences smoking initiation only indirectly. The data also show that friends' and parents' smoking affect smoking escalation only indirectly. In general, friends' smoking has a stronger effect on adolescents' smoking behavior, particularly on initiation. Multiple group comparisons of the structural models predicting smoking initiation among males and females reveal that parental approval of smoking plays a significant mediating role for females, but not for males. Comparisons of Whites, Blacks, Hispanics, and other ethnic groups reveal that there are some significant differences in the pathways of friends' influences among the four groups.