Linking Specialization and Seriousness in Criminal Careers.
Linking Specialization and Seriousness in Criminal Careers.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.alcr.2014.01.006
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发表时间：
2014-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Piquero, Alex R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
MacDonald, John M.;Haviland, Amelia;Ramchand, Rajeev;Morral, Andrew R.;Piquero, Alex R.
一些研究表明，惯犯的犯罪模式通常是在从童年到青春期再到成年，从较轻的犯罪形式到较严重的犯罪形式的阶梯上发展的。向更严重犯罪类型的发展是否反映了犯罪专业化的模式，这是一个有争议的问题。通过对449名青少年罪犯在青春期至成年期的6个时间点进行访谈，我们提出了一种衡量犯罪专业化的新方法，并将其应用于评估专业化与犯罪严重程度之间的联系。我们通过构建一个基于特定罪犯群体中单个犯罪途径中犯罪共同发生的比率的经验测量来衡量专业化。然后，我们使用这些基于经验的基于特定人群的犯罪相似性，根据他们当时自我报告的犯罪集，为每个时间段的每个受试者分配专业化分数。最后，我们研究了随着时间的推移，在个人内部，专业化的变化是如何与他们报告犯下的罪行的严重程度的变化相关的。结果表明，犯罪向日益严重的犯罪形式的发展并没有反映出犯罪专业化的一般模式。指出了对生命历程研究的启示。
Some research suggests that recidivistic criminal offending patterns typically progress in a stepping-stone manner from less to more serious forms of offending from childhood to adolescence to adulthood. Whether the progression into more serious types of offending reflects patterns of crime specialization is a matter of debate. Using data from 449 adolescent offenders who were interviewed at six time points between adolescence and adulthood, we present a new method for measuring crime specialization and apply it to an assessment of the link between specialization and offense seriousness. We measure specialization by constructing an empirical measure of how similar crimes are from each other based on the rate at which crimes co-occur within individual crime pathways over a given offender population. We then use these empirically-based population-specific offense similarities to assign a specialization score to each subject at each time period based on the set of crimes they self-report at that time. Finally, we examine how changes over time in specialization, within individuals, is correlated with changes in the seriousness of the offenses they report committing. Results suggest that the progression of crime into increasingly serious forms of offending does not reflect a general pattern of offense specialization. Implications for life course research are noted.
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影响因子：
4.4
作者：
HIRSCHI, T;GOTTFREDSON, M
通讯作者：
GOTTFREDSON, M
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
COHEN, MA
通讯作者：
COHEN, MA
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
BLUMSTEIN, A;COHEN, J
通讯作者：
COHEN, J
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
GOTTFREDSON, SD;YOUNG, KL;LAUFER, WS
通讯作者：
LAUFER, WS
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
Agresti, A;Liu, I
通讯作者：
Liu, I