Personality and longevity: knowns, unknowns, and implications for public health and personalized medicine.
Personality and longevity: knowns, unknowns, and implications for public health and personalized medicine.
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DOI：
10.4061/2011/759170
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Duberstein P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chapman BP;Roberts B;Duberstein P
我们回顾了人格特质与长寿之间联系的证据。我们使用人格和长寿研究中使用的主要组织框架，为健康科学家提供人格概述。然后，我们审查与长寿相关的人格各个方面的数据。一般来说，有充分的证据表明，较高的尽责性和较低的敌意以及 D 型或“苦恼”性格与更长的寿命有关。有限的证据表明，外向、开放、感知控制和低水平的情绪抑制可能与更长的寿命有关。关于神经质的研究结果好坏参半，支持这样一种观点，即神经质的许多成分会降低预期寿命，但某些成分在某些水平上可能是健康的或具有保护作用的。总体而言，证据表明各种性格特征是长寿的重要预测因素，并为进一步研究指明了几个有希望的方向。最后，我们讨论了这些联系对流行病学研究和个性化医疗的影响，并制定了将个体差异心理学纳入公共卫生和医学的转化研究议程。
We review evidence for links between personality traits and longevity. We provide an overview of personality for health scientists, using the primary organizing framework used in the study of personality and longevity. We then review data on various aspects of personality linked to longevity. In general, there is good evidence that higher level of conscientiousness and lower levels of hostility and Type D or “distressed” personality are associated with greater longevity. Limited evidence suggests that extraversion, openness, perceived control, and low levels of emotional suppression may be associated with longer lifespan. Findings regarding neuroticism are mixed, supporting the notion that many component(s) of neuroticism detract from life expectancy, but some components at some levels may be healthy or protective. Overall, evidence suggests various personality traits are significant predictors of longevity and points to several promising directions for further study. We conclude by discussing the implications of these links for epidemiologic research and personalized medicine and lay out a translational research agenda for integrating the psychology of individual differences into public health and medicine.