Acute Effects of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Inhalation on Vascular Function Detected at Quantitative MRI
Acute Effects of Electronic Cigarette Aerosol Inhalation on Vascular Function Detected at Quantitative MRI
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DOI：
10.1148/radiol.2019190562
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.7
通讯作者：
Wehrli, Felix W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Caporale, Alessandra;Langham, Michael C.;Wehrli, Felix W.
背景：以往的研究表明，含尼古丁的电子烟（以下简称电子烟）会引起全身氧化应激和炎症。然而，气溶胶单独对内皮功能的影响尚不完全清楚。目的：量化吸入不含尼古丁电子烟气溶胶后非吸烟者内皮功能的替代标志物。材料与方法：在这项前瞻性研究中（2018年5月至9月），非吸烟者在吸入不含尼古丁的电子烟气雾剂前后分别接受了3.0 t MRI检查。通过暂时测定股浅动脉和股浅静脉的血流速度和氧合（SvO(2)），以及动脉管腔血流介导的扩张，量化外周血管对袖带诱导缺血的反应性。评估袖带前闭塞、电阻率指数、基线血流速度和SvO(2)。反应性充血时，血流速度产生峰值速度、到达峰值时间和加速速率（充血指数）；SvO(2)表示缺氧血的冲洗时间、再饱和率和最大SvO(2)增加（超调）。在上矢状窦评估脑血管反应性，评估屏气指数。通过主动脉脉波速度测量中央动脉硬度。采用霍特林T-2检验检测吸电子烟前后的差异。结果：31名健康的不吸烟者（平均年龄24.3岁±4.3岁，女性14名）被评估。吸电子烟后，电阻率指数升高（1.30的0.03 [2.3%],P < 0.05），管腔血流调节的扩张严重减弱（9.4%[-34%]的-3.2%,P < 0.001），峰值流速降低（56.6 cm/sec的-9.9 [-17.5%],P < 0.001），充血指数降低(15.1 cm/sec的-3.9 [-25.8%]；P < 0.001)，峰值延迟时间（2.1 / 7.1秒[29.6%];P = 0.005）；基线SvO(2)较低(-13 / 65% HbO(2) [-20%]；P < 0.001)和超调高(10 / 19% HbO(2) [52.6%]；P < 0.001)；主动脉脉波速度略有增加（0.19比6.05 m/sec [3%]; P = 0.05）。吸入气溶胶后，其余参数没有变化。结论：吸入不含尼古丁的电子烟气雾剂对健康非吸烟者的内皮功能有短暂影响。需要进一步的研究来解决对血管健康的潜在不利的长期影响。(c) rsna, 2019
Background: Previous studies showed that nicotinized electronic cigarettes (hereafter, e-cigarettes) elicit systemic oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the effect of the aerosol alone on endothelial function is not fully understood.Purpose: To quantify surrogate markers of endothelial function in nonsmokers after inhalation of aerosol from nicotine-free e-cigarettes.Materials and Methods: In this prospective study (from May to September 2018), nonsmokers underwent 3.0-T MRI before and after inhaling nicotine-free e-cigarette aerosol. Peripheral vascular reactivity to cuff-induced ischemia was quantified by temporally resolving blood flow velocity and oxygenation (SvO(2)) in superficial femoral artery and vein, respectively, along with artery luminal flow-mediated dilation. Precuff occlusion, resistivity index, baseline blood flow velocity, and SvO(2) were evaluated. During reactive hyperemia, blood flow velocity yielded peak velocity, time to peak, and acceleration rate (hyperemic index); SvO(2) yielded washout time of oxygen-depleted blood, rate of resaturation, and maximum SvO(2) increase (overshoot). Cerebrovascular reactivity was assessed in the superior sagittal sinus, evaluating the breath-hold index. Central arterial stiffness was measured via aortic pulse wave velocity. Differences before versus after e-cigarette vaping were tested with Hotelling T-2 test.Results: Thirty-one healthy never-smokers (mean age, 24.3 years +/- 4.3; 14 women) were evaluated. After e-cigarette vaping, resistivity index was higher (0.03 of 1.30 [2.3%]; P < .05), luminal flow-mediated dilation severely blunted (-3.2% of 9.4% [-34%]; P < .001), along with reduced peak velocity (-9.9 of 56.6 cm/sec [-17.5%]; P < .001), hyperemic index (-3.9 of 15.1 cm/sec(2) [-25.8%]; P < .001), and delayed time to peak (2.1 of 7.1 sec [29.6%]; P = .005); baseline SvO(2) was lower (-13 of 65 %HbO(2) [-20%]; P < .001) and overshoot higher (10 of 19 %HbO(2) [ 52.6%]; P < .001); and aortic pulse wave velocity marginally increased (0.19 of 6.05 m/sec [3%]; P = .05). Remaining parameters did not change after aerosol inhalation.Conclusion: Inhaling nicotine-free electronic cigarette aerosol transiently impacted endothelial function in healthy nonsmokers. Further studies are needed to address the potentially adverse long-term effects on vascular health. (C) RSNA, 2019