Stigmatizing perception of mental illness by Japanese students: Comparison of different psychiatric disorders
Stigmatizing perception of mental illness by Japanese students: Comparison of different psychiatric disorders
复制标题
DOI：
10.1097/00005053-200004000-00009
复制
发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Kitamura, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sugiura, T;Sakamoto, S;Kitamura, T
世界各地的精神病患者都经历着相当程度的痛苦，因为他们受到一系列针对他们的偏见（Bhugra，1989年; Dubin和Fink，1992年; Socall和Holtgraves，1992年）。然而，有人提出，在日本，与精神疾病相关的耻辱感水平特别高（Lin，1982年; Machizawa等人，1990年）。与盎格鲁撒克逊人、非洲裔美国人和菲律宾人相比，日本人通常需要更长的时间寻求医疗照顾，这表明日本对精神疾病有强烈的社会偏见，尽管这是部分原因（Gudeman，1967年，转引自Munakata，1989年;社区对精神病的污名化表现为对精神病患者的负面看法。日本一项关于社区对精神疾病态度的研究（Okagami等人，1988）表明，超过一半的社区居民被调查认为精神疾病患者的行为是不可预测的，危险的，不太可能进行社会调整。几年后进行的一项类似的研究（Munakata，1990）表明，对精神病患者的痛苦和他们在日本社区的社会适应的信念并没有更积极。经过多年的努力，以减少与精神障碍有关的耻辱感，日本目前的情况远远不能令人满意。
Persons with mental illness throughout the world experience a considerable degree of distress because they are subjected to a range of prejudices against them (Bhugra, 1989; Dubin and Fink, 1992; Socall and Holtgraves, 1992). It has been suggested, however, that the level of stigma associated with psychiatric disorders is particularly high in Japan (Lin, 1982; Machizawa et al., 1990). A strong social prejudice against mental illness in Japan is suggested to account, albeit partly, for the longer time it typically takes for Japanese patients to seek medical attention, as compared with Anglo Saxons, African-Americans, and Filipinos (Gudeman, 1967 as cited in Munakata, 1989; Kinzie, 1974 as cited in Munakata, 1989).Stigmatization of mental illness in the community manifests itself in a negative perception of psychiatric patients. A Japanese study of community attitude toward mental illness (Okagami et al., 1988) showed that over half of the community residents being surveyed perceived the behavior of people with mental illness as unpredictable, dangerous, and not likely to make a social readjustment. A similar study (Munakata, 1990) conducted some years later demonstrated that the belief about the dangerousness of people with mental illness and their social adjustment in the Japanese community was no more positive. After so many years of effort to reduce the level of stigma attached to mental disorders, the current situation in Japan is far from satisfactory.