Changing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae from Brazil:: Report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (1998-2004)
Changing antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae from Brazil:: Report from the SENTRY antimicrobial surveillance program (1998-2004)
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DOI：
10.1089/mdr.2006.12.91
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Sader, Helio S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Castanheira, Mariana;Gales, Ana C.;Sader, Helio S.
尽管肺炎链球菌和流感嗜血杆菌的耐药性在过去几年中在大多数国家显著增加，但巴西的大多数研究报告这些病原体的耐药性相对较低。在这项研究中，我们分析了敏感性模式的S。肺炎链球菌和H.巴西流感病毒在7年内。共829个S。pneumoniae和718 H.方法采用微量肉汤稀释法对1998 ~ 2004年连续采集的呼吸道和血液系统感染的流感病毒进行30种以上药物的药敏试验，并对结果进行逐年分析。总体而言，77.8%的S.肺炎菌株被认为是敏感的（MIC，= 2 μ g/ml），并且分别在7.5%和0.5%的菌株中检测到头孢曲松（MIC，>= 4 μ g/ml）。氟喹诺酮类药物左氧氟沙星（MIC 90，1 μ g/ml）和加替沙星（MIC 90，0.5 μ g/ml）对99.8%的供试分离株具有活性。其他非β-内酰胺类药物敏感率依次为氯霉素（98.9%）>克林霉素（96.4%）>红霉素（90.6%）>四环素（69.8%）>甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑（36.7%）。对青霉素的耐药性在沙门氏菌中显著增加。肺炎分离株超过7年（从2.9%到11.0%）。此外，在同一时期，肺炎球菌菌株对红霉素、克林霉素和四环素的耐药率下降。S.从儿科患者中回收的肺炎（
Although antimicrobial resistance rates among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae have increased significantly in most countries in the last years, most studies from Brazil report relatively low resistance rates among these pathogens. In this study, we analyzed the susceptibility patterns of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae from Brazil during a 7-year period. A total of 829 S. pneumoniae and 718 H. influenzae consecutively collected from 1998 to 2004, mainly from respiratory tract and bloodstream infections, were susceptibility tested by broth microdilution methods against > 30 drugs and the results were analyzed by year. Overall, 77.8% of S. pneumoniae strains were considered susceptible (MIC, = 2 mu g/ml) and ceftriaxone (MIC, >= 4 mu g/ml) were detected in 7.5 and 0.5% of strains, respectively. The fluoroquinolones, levofloxacin (MIC90, 1 mu g/ml) and gatifloxacin (MIC90, 0.5 mu g/ml), were active against 99.8% of the isolates tested. Among the other non-beta-lactam drugs tested, the rank order of susceptibility rates was chloramphenicol (98.9%) > clindamycin (96.4%) > erythromycin (90.6%) > tetracycline (69.8%) > trimethoprim/sulfametboxazole (36.7%). Resistance to penicillin has increased markedly among S. pneumoniae isolates over 7 years (from 2.9 to 11.0%). Additionally, resistance rates against erythromycin, clindamycin, and tetracycline decreased among pneumococcal strains during the same period. S. pneumoniae recovered from pediatric patients (