Individual differences in anxiety predict neural measures of visual working memory for untrustworthy faces
Individual differences in anxiety predict neural measures of visual working memory for untrustworthy faces
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DOI：
10.1093/scan/nst189
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发表时间：
2014-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Sessa, Paola
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Meconi, Federica;Luria, Roy;Sessa, Paola
当面对陌生人时，人们首先进行的评估之一是含蓄地评估他们的可信度。然而，支持可信度评估的基本流程却鲜为人知。我们假设，视觉工作记忆(VWM)维持着对可信赖性的物理线索敏感的在线面孔表征，个体在表征不可信面孔上的差异与个体焦虑的个体差异有关。参与者执行了一项变化检测任务，该任务需要对一张面孔的身份进行编码，并在短时间间隔内保持该面孔的身份，该面孔的身份被参数控制为值得信任或不值得信任。持续后对侧负波(SPCN)是一种时间锁定于面孔起始的事件相关成分(ERP)，被用来指示VWM中面孔表征的分辨率。结果显示，与不值得信赖的面孔相比，值得信赖的面孔的SPCN波幅更大，这表明即使在没有明确的可信度评估的情况下，VWM对可信度的物理线索也是敏感的。此外，信任面孔和不信任面孔的SPCN波幅差异与被试的焦虑程度相关，这表明亚临床高焦虑水平的健康大学生比亚临床低焦虑水平的健康大学生更详细地代表了不信任面孔。这一发现模式从厌恶/回避和欲望/接近动机系统的高度灵活性的角度进行了讨论。
When facing strangers, one of the first evaluations people perform is to implicitly assess their trustworthiness. However, the underlying processes supporting trustworthiness appraisal are poorly understood. We hypothesized that visual working memory (VWM) maintains online face representations that are sensitive to physical cues of trustworthiness, and that differences among individuals in representing untrustworthy faces are associated with individual differences in anxiety. Participants performed a change detection task that required encoding and maintaining for a short interval the identity of one face parametrically manipulated to be either trustworthy or untrustworthy. The sustained posterior contralateral negativity (SPCN), an event-related component (ERP) time-locked to the onset of the face, was used to index the resolution of face representations in VWM. Results revealed greater SPCN amplitudes for trustworthy faces when compared with untrustworthy faces, indicating that VWM is sensitive to physical cues of trustworthiness, even in the absence of explicit trustworthiness appraisal. In addition, differences in SPCN amplitude between trustworthy and untrustworthy faces correlated with participants' anxiety, indicating that healthy college students with sub-clinical high anxiety levels represented untrustworthy faces in greater detail compared with students with sub-clinical low anxiety levels. This pattern of findings is discussed in terms of the high flexibility of aversive/avoidance and appetitive/approach motivational systems.