Genetic diversity within and between European pig breeds using microsatellite markers
Genetic diversity within and between European pig breeds using microsatellite markers
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2052.2005.01385.x
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发表时间：
2006-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Cardellino, R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SanCristobal, M.;Chevalet, C.;Cardellino, R.
保护计划的一个重要先决条件是对遗传多样性的全面描述。本研究的目的是利用微卫星在整个大陆范围内使用匿名遗传标记来评估欧洲猪品种遗传多样性的种群间和种群内成分。对58个欧洲猪品种和品系进行了分析，包括地方品种、国家品种、国际品种和商品品系。还包括中国梅山品种的样本。从以前的项目中增加了11个品种进行分析。每个品种约有50个个体对最多50个微卫星位点进行基因分型。观察到大量的品种内变异，平均期望杂合度和每个位点观察到的等位基因数分别为0.56[范围0.43-0.68]和4.5。15个欧洲人群的基因型频率偏离Hardy-Weinberg预期（P < 0.01），其中12个人群的纯合子过多。欧洲品种的平均遗传差异很大，Wright F-ST指数值为0.21。从品种之间的雷诺兹距离绘制的邻居连接树显示，主要品种的国家品种和商业系大多聚集在其参考品种周围（杜洛克，汉普郡，长白，大白和皮特兰）。相比之下，除了伊比利亚品种外，当地品种表现出星形拓扑结构。结果讨论了在各种力量的光，这可能推动了欧洲猪品种最近的演变。这项研究将对生物多样性结果的解释产生影响，并将对未来的保护方案具有重要意义。
An important prerequisite for a conservation programme is a comprehensive description of genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to use anonymous genetic markers to assess the between- and the within-population components of genetic diversity for European pig breeds at the scale of the whole continent using microsatellites. Fifty-eight European pig breeds and lines were analysed including local breeds, national varieties of international breeds and commercial lines. A sample of the Chinese Meishan breed was also included. Eleven additional breeds from a previous project were added for some analyses. Approximately 50 individuals per breed were genotyped for a maximum of 50 microsatellite loci. Substantial within-breed variability was observed, with the average expected heterozygosity and observed number of alleles per locus being 0.56 [range 0.43-0.68] and 4.5 respectively. Genotypic frequencies departed from Hardy-Weinberg expectations (P < 0.01) in 15 European populations, with an excess of homozygotes in 12 of them. The European breeds were on average genetically very distinct, with a Wright F-ST index value of 0.21. The Neighbour-Joining tree drawn from the Reynolds distances among the breeds showed that the national varieties of major breeds and the commercial lines were mostly clustered around their breeds of reference (Duroc, Hampshire, Landrace, Large White and Pietrain). In contrast, local breeds, with the exception of the Iberian breeds, exhibited a star-like topology. The results are discussed in the light of various forces, which may have driven the recent evolution of European pig breeds. This study has consequences for the interpretation of biodiversity results and will be of importance for future conservation programmes.