Cooperative cell motility during tandem locomotion of amoeboid cells.
Cooperative cell motility during tandem locomotion of amoeboid cells.
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DOI：
10.1091/mbc.e15-12-0836
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发表时间：
2016-04-15
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Firtel RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bastounis E;Álvarez-González B;del Álamo JC;Lasheras JC;Firtel RA
串联的盘基网柄菌细胞对同步迁移，其额部突起的形成之间有大约 54 秒的时间延迟。每个细胞建立两个主动粘附，尾随细胞重复使用前导细胞的粘附位置。这种协调运动是机械驱动的，并由细胞间粘附辅助。迁移细胞流是由首尾相连的串联细胞对的形成引发的，其他细胞随后粘附在其上。尽管有人认为有几个分子参与其中，但调节从单细胞迁移到流细胞迁移转变的机制仍然难以捉摸。在这项工作中，我们通过分析牵引粘连（TA）的时空演化来研究盘基网柄菌串联对的运动机制。我们发现，在迁移野生型串联对时，每个细胞在固定位点上施加牵引力（约 80% 的时间），并且尾随细胞重复使用前导细胞 TA 的位置。前导细胞和尾随细胞均形成收缩偶极子，并以约 54 秒的时间延迟同步形成新的额叶 TA。不表达凝集素盘状蛋白 I 或在盘状蛋白 I 包被的基质上移动的细胞形成较少的串联，但尾随细胞仍然重复使用前导细胞 TA 的位置，这表明盘状蛋白 I 不负责可能的化学驱动的同步过程。串联的迁移动力学表明，它们的 TA 的重复使用是由于细胞间粘附辅助的前导细胞和尾随细胞的突出和缩回（运动周期）的机械同步所致。
Tandem pairs of Dictyostelium cells migrate synchronously with an ~54-s time delay between the formation of their frontal protrusions. Each cell establishes two active adhesions, with the trailing cell reusing the location of the adhesions of the leading cell. This coordinated motility is mechanically driven and aided by cell–cell adhesions. Streams of migratory cells are initiated by the formation of tandem pairs of cells connected head to tail to which other cells subsequently adhere. The mechanisms regulating the transition from single to streaming cell migration remain elusive, although several molecules have been suggested to be involved. In this work, we investigate the mechanics of the locomotion of Dictyostelium tandem pairs by analyzing the spatiotemporal evolution of their traction adhesions (TAs). We find that in migrating wild-type tandem pairs, each cell exerts traction forces on stationary sites (∼80% of the time), and the trailing cell reuses the location of the TAs of the leading cell. Both leading and trailing cells form contractile dipoles and synchronize the formation of new frontal TAs with ∼54-s time delay. Cells not expressing the lectin discoidin I or moving on discoidin I–coated substrata form fewer tandems, but the trailing cell still reuses the locations of the TAs of the leading cell, suggesting that discoidin I is not responsible for a possible chemically driven synchronization process. The migration dynamics of the tandems indicate that their TAs’ reuse results from the mechanical synchronization of the leading and trailing cells’ protrusions and retractions (motility cycles) aided by the cell–cell adhesions.