Epidemiology of Transient Ischemic Attack
Epidemiology of Transient Ischemic Attack
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DOI：
10.1159/000351892
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Kokubo, Yoshihiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kokubo, Yoshihiro
关于短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）的患病率和发病率的流行病学数据很少。在这里，TIA和随后的中风事件的发生率进行了审查。欧洲55-64岁男性和女性TIA的发生率分别为0.52-2.37和0.05-1.14，65-74岁男性和女性TIA的发生率分别为0.94-3.39和0.71-1.47，75-84岁男性和女性TIA的发生率分别为3.04-7.20和2.18-6.06。美国的相应发生率相似，日本较低。男性的发病率高于女性。TIA的发病率随年龄增长而显著增加，与种族或性别无关。TIA风险因素（不包括缺血性卒中）的证据非常有限。ABCD/ABCD（2）评分用于预测个体风险并在首次就诊时对患者进行分类。在预后TIA中，一般人群在2天、1周、1个月、3个月和6个月的卒中风险粗率（%）分别为1.7、4.8、6.6、8.5和11.4，而住院患者在1个月和3个月的卒中风险粗率分别为13.7和12.4。中风家族史与TIA后中风发生率之间相关的证据非常有限，这表明中风家族史并不能预测TIA后缺血性中风的风险。TIA发病率季节性变化的证据也有限。据报道，短暂性脑缺血发作在秋季或春季最常见，在冬季或春季至夏季不太常见，周一最常见。关于TIA发病率的季节性差异似乎没有共识。版权所有（C）2014 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔
Few epidemiologic data are available regarding the prevalence and incidence of transient ischemic attack (TIA). Here, the incidence of TIA and that of subsequent stroke events were reviewed. The incidences of TIA in Europe were 0.52-2.37 and 0.05-1.14 in men and women aged 55-64, 0.94-3.39 and 0.71-1.47 in those aged 65-74, and 3.04-7.20 and 2.18-6.06 in those aged 75-84, respectively. The corresponding incidences are similar in the United States, and lower in Japan. Higher incidences were revealed in men compared with women. The incidence of TIA increased very markedly with age, regardless of race or gender. The evidence of risk factors for TIA excluding ischemic strokes is very limited. The ABCD/ABCD(2) score was developed to predict individual risk and to triage patients on the first presentation. In prognostic TIA, the crude rate of stroke risks (%) for general populations were 1.7, 4.8, 6.6, 8.5, and 11.4 at 2 days, 1 week, 1 month, 3 and 6 months, whereas those for hospital patients were 13.7 and 12.4 at 1 and 3 months, respectively. There is very limited evidence of an association between a family history of stroke and the incidence of stroke after TIA, which showed that family history of stroke does not predict the risk of ischemic stroke after TIA. There is also limited evidence of seasonal variation in TIA incidence. TIAs were reported to be most frequent in autumn or spring and less common in winter or spring to summer, and most frequent on Mondays. There seems to be no consensus regarding seasonal differences in TIA incidence. Copyright (C) 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel