Temperature trends at high elevations: Patterns across the globe
Temperature trends at high elevations: Patterns across the globe
复制标题
DOI：
10.1029/2008gl034026
复制
发表时间：
2008-07-16
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Lundquist, J. D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pepin, N. C.;Lundquist, J. D.
大多数气候模型表明，高山地区的全球变暖加剧，但观测结果并不清楚。利用来自地球仪1000多个高海拔站点的全面的、经过湿度调整的温度记录，我们研究了温度随海拔变化趋势的原因，评估了自由大气变化、地形（暴露和方面）和冰冻圈反馈的作用。数据显示，由于冰雪反馈，观测到的20世纪温度趋势在年0摄氏度等温线附近最为迅速。山顶和自由排水斜坡网站主要由自由空气平流，从而具有一致的趋势幅度，减少网站间的差异相比，切割谷网站，当地因素更重要。因此，虽然没有简单的海拔升高变暖率，但可以做出一些概括。在热带以外地区，0摄氏度等温线附近的水资源和生态系统面临着加速变暖的风险。这些数据还表明，暴露的山峰，远离城市化和地形遮蔽的影响，可能会提供一个相对公正的地球气候记录。
Most climate models suggest amplification of global warming in high mountains, but observations are less clear. Using comprehensive, homogeneity-adjusted temperature records from over 1000 high elevation stations across the globe, we examine the causes of changing temperature trends with elevation, assessing the roles of free atmospheric change, topography (exposure and aspect), and cryospheric feedback. The data show that observed 20th century temperature trends are most rapid near the annual 0 degrees C isotherm due to snow-ice feedback. Mountain summit and freely draining slope sites are dominated by free-air advection and thus have consistent trend magnitudes, with reduced inter-site variance in comparison with incised valley sites where local factors are more important. Thus, while there has been no simplistic elevational increase in warming rates, some generalizations can be made. Water resources and ecosystems near the 0 degrees C isotherm in the extratropics are at increased risk from accelerated warming. The data also suggest that exposed mountain summits, away from the effects of urbanization and topographic sheltering, may provide a relatively unbiased record of the planet's climate.