What does 'access to health care' mean?
What does 'access to health care' mean?
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DOI：
10.1258/135581902760082517
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hudson, Meryl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gulliford, Martin;Figueroa-Munoz, Jose;Hudson, Meryl
便利获得服务涉及帮助人们掌握适当的卫生保健资源，以保持或改善其健康。获取是一个复杂的概念，至少有四个方面需要评估。如果服务是可获得的，而且服务供应充足，那么就存在获得保健的机会，人口就可以“获得”服务。人口“获得服务”的程度还取决于限制服务利用的财政、组织和社会或文化障碍。因此，以利用率衡量的获取取决于服务的可负担性、实际可获得性和可接受性，而不仅仅是供应是否充足。如果人口要“获得令人满意的健康结果”，现有的服务必须是相关和有效的。必须根据社会不同群体的不同观点、健康需求以及物质和文化环境来考虑服务的提供情况和获得服务的障碍。获得服务的公平性可以从服务的可获得性、利用率或结果等方面来衡量。平等的横向和纵向方面都需要考虑。
Facilitating access is concerned with helping people to command appropriate health care resources in order to preserve or improve their health. Access is a complex concept and at least four aspects require evaluation. If services are available and there is an adequate supply of services, then the opportunity to obtain health care exists, and a population may 'have access' to services. The extent to which a population 'gains access' also depends on financial, organisational and social or cultural barriers that limit the utilisation of services. Thus access measured in terms of utilisation is dependent on the affordability, physical accessibility and acceptability of services and not merely adequacy of supply. Services available must be relevant and effective if the population is to 'gain access to satisfactory health outcomes'. The availability of services, and barriers to access, have to be considered in the context of the differing perspectives, health needs and material and cultural settings of diverse groups in society. Equity of access may be measured in terms of the availability, utilisation or outcomes of services. Both horizontal and vertical dimensions of equity require consideration.