High harmonic generation in the relativistic limit
High harmonic generation in the relativistic limit
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys338
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发表时间：
2006-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
Norreys, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dromey, B.;Zepf, M.;Norreys, P.
飞秒和Attsecond政权中极为明亮的相干X射线脉冲的产生是目前最令人兴奋的物理前沿之一 - 首次允许使用前所未有的时间分辨率（1-6）进行测量。来自激光器的谐波 - 固体目标相互作用已被确定为实现与Schwinger极限（2,7）（E = 1.3 x 10（16）V m（-1））的高度的手段，并且是一种非常有前途的途径高效attosecond（10（-18）s）脉冲（8）由于其本质上锁定的性质。实现这些目标的关键步骤是实现高转化效率，并通过将谐波生产提高到相对论极限（1），从而降低了谐波效率的缓慢衰减。在这里，我们介绍了在相对论极限中获得高谐波产生的第一个实验证明，该限制是在Vulcan Petawatt激光器上获得的（9）。在波长<<<< 4 nm（生物微观镜检查特别感兴趣的“水窗”区域）。
The generation of extremely bright coherent X-ray pulses in the femtosecond and attosecond regime is currently one of the most exciting frontiers of physics - allowing, for the first time, measurements with unprecedented temporal resolution(1-6). Harmonics from laser - solid target interactions have been identified as a means of achieving fields as high as the Schwinger limit(2,7) (E = 1.3 x 10(16) V m(-1)) and as a highly promising route to high-efficiency attosecond (10(-18) s) pulses(8) owing to their intrinsically phase-locked nature. The key steps to attain these goals are achieving high conversion efficiencies and a slow decay of harmonic efficiency to high orders by driving harmonic production to the relativistic limit(1). Here we present the first experimental demonstration of high harmonic generation in the relativistic limit, obtained on the Vulcan Petawatt laser(9). High conversion efficiencies (eta> 10(-6) per harmonic) and bright emission (> 10(22) photons s(-1) mm(-2) mrad(-2) (0.1% bandwidth)) are observed at wavelengths < 4 nm ( the 'water-window' region of particular interest for bio-microscopy).