Growth from birth to early adolescence in offspring prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marijuana
Growth from birth to early adolescence in offspring prenatally exposed to cigarettes and marijuana
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DOI：
10.1016/s0892-0362(99)00009-4
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Gray, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fried, PA;Watkinson, B;Gray, R
体重、身高和头围从出生到青春期早期的儿童进行了检查，这些儿童出生前已经确定了大麻和香烟的暴露。受试者来自低风险、以中产阶级为主的样本，参与了一项正在进行的纵向研究。出生时的发育指标和出生前吸烟暴露之间的负关联被克服了，在最初的几年里，男性比女性更早，到六岁时，重度吸烟者的孩子比对照组的孩子重。出生前和出生后环境烟草烟雾对生长参数没有负面影响；然而，怀孕期间吸烟的妇女选择奶瓶喂养或较短的母乳喂养时间似乎对吸烟者婴儿的追赶起到重要的积极作用。出生前接触大麻与出生时的任何生长指标没有显著关系，尽管在吸食大量大麻的早期青少年中，所有年龄段观察到的较小的头围具有统计学意义。(C)1999 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Weight, height, and head circumference were examined in children from birth to early adolescence for whom prenatal exposure to marijuana and cigarettes had been ascertained. The subjects were from a low-risk, predominantly middle-class sample participating in an ongoing longitudinal study. The negative association between growth measures at birth and prenatal cigarette exposure was overcome, sooner in males than females, within the first few years, and by the age of six, the children of heavy smokers were heavier than control subjects. Pre and postnatal environmental tobacco smoke did not have a negative effect upon the growth parameters; however, the choice of bottle-feeding or shorter duration of breast-feeding by women who smoked during pregnancy appeared to play an important positive role in the catch-up observed among the infants of smokers. Prenatal exposure to marijuana was not significantly related to any growth measures at birth, although a smaller head circumference observed at all ages reached statistical significance among the early adolescents born to the heavy marijuana users. (C) 1999 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.