Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production?
Can the co-cultivation of rice and fish help sustain rice production?
复制标题
稻鱼共耕能否有助于维持稻米生产？
DOI：
10.1038/srep28728
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发表时间：
2016-06-28
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Chen X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hu L;Zhang J;Ren W;Guo L;Cheng Y;Li J;Li K;Zhu Z;Zhang J;Luo S;Cheng L;Tang J;Chen X
由于稻米养活了世界上一半的人口，全球粮食供应的安全取决于稻米的可持续生产。在这里，我们测试是否共同培养的水稻和鱼成一个“稻鱼系统”（RFS;鱼是指水生动物在本文中）可以帮助维持水稻生产。我们研究了在中国广泛应用的密集型和传统型RFS。我们发现，水稻产量并没有下降时，鱼产量低于阈值，在每个密集的RFS。此外，在阈值以下，密集RFS中的鱼产量可以大大高于传统RFS中的鱼产量，而不会减少水稻产量。与单作相比，旱作水稻田化肥、氮肥和农药的使用量减少，农民的纯收入增加。结果表明，RFS可以帮助维持水稻生产，并建议，共培养技术的发展（即适当的领域配置的鱼和水稻）是必要的，以实现可持续性。
Because rice feeds half of the world’s population, a secure global food supply depends on sustainable rice production. Here we test whether the co-cultivation of rice and fish into one “rice-fish system” (RFS; fish refers to aquatic animals in this article) could help sustain rice production. We examined intensive and traditional RFSs that have been widely practiced in China. We found that rice yields did not decrease when fish yield was below a threshold value in each intensive RFS. Below the thresholds, moreover, fish yields in intensive RFSs can be substantially higher than those in traditional RFS without reducing rice yield. Relative to rice monoculture, the use of fertilizer-nitrogen and pesticides decreased, and the farmers’ net income increased in RFSs. The results suggest that RFSs can help sustain rice production, and suggest that development of co-culture technologies (i.e. proper field configuration for fish and rice) is necessary to achieve the sustainability.