Crude Oil Metabolites in Groundwater at Two Spill Sites
Crude Oil Metabolites in Groundwater at Two Spill Sites
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两个泄漏点地下水中的原油代谢物
DOI：
10.1111/gwat.12419
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
K. Thorn
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Bekins;I. Cozzarelli;M. Erickson;Ross A. Steenson;K. Thorn
在明尼苏达州中北部的两个地下水羽状流与残余原油源有20至50毫克/升的非挥发性溶解有机碳（NVDOC）。这些值比相同威尔斯井中的苯高10倍以上，比柴油范围有机物高两到三倍。在前人工作的基础上，NVDOC大部分由原油的部分转化产物组成。1988年至2015年，位于明尼苏达州贝米吉附近的一个地点的监测数据显示，代谢物羽流正在向距离源区335米的湖岸扩展。该地点的其他质量平衡研究表明，羽流扩张是由残余原油源的持续存在和含水层沉积物上固相铁氧化物和氢氧化物的电子接受能力耗尽的综合影响驱动的。明尼苏达州和其他州的监管监测和报告要求未涵盖这些代谢物羽流。然而，对毒理学研究的审查表明，原油的极性代谢物可能对水生和哺乳动物物种构成风险。总之，这些结果表明，在现场的残留源存在，监测NVDOC可能是必要的，以评估的命运羽状烃转化产品。
Two groundwater plumes in north central Minnesota with residual crude oil sources have 20 to 50 mg/L of nonvolatile dissolved organic carbon (NVDOC). These values are over 10 times higher than benzene and two to three times higher than Diesel Range Organics in the same wells. On the basis of previous work, most of the NVDOC consists of partial transformation products from the crude oil. Monitoring data from 1988 to 2015 at one of the sites located near Bemidji, MN show that the plume of metabolites is expanding toward a lakeshore located 335 m from the source zone. Other mass balance studies of the site have demonstrated that the plume expansion is driven by the combined effect of continued presence of the residual crude oil source and depletion of the electron accepting capacity of solid phase iron oxide and hydroxides on the aquifer sediments. These plumes of metabolites are not covered by regulatory monitoring and reporting requirements in Minnesota and other states. Yet, a review of toxicology studies indicates that polar metabolites of crude oil may pose a risk to aquatic and mammalian species. Together the results suggest that at sites where residual sources are present, monitoring of NVDOC may be warranted to evaluate the fates of plumes of hydrocarbon transformation products.