Hermitian four-well potential as a realization of a PT-symmetric system
Hermitian four-well potential as a realization of a PT-symmetric system
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DOI：
10.1103/physreva.87.051601
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发表时间：
2013-02
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
M. Kreibich;J. Main;H. Cartarius;G. Wunner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Kreibich;J. Main;H. Cartarius;G. Wunner
PT 对称玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体理论上可以使用复杂的光学势来描述，然而，描述粒子相干输入和输出耦合的这种光学势的实验实现是一项艰巨的任务。我们提出了一个 PT 对称系统的量子力学实现实验，其中两井系统的 PT 对称电流是通过将两个附加井耦合到系统来实现的，这两个井充当粒子库。根据简单的四模式模型，我们推导出 Hermitian 四井系统的两个中间井的行为与 PT 对称系统的两个井完全相同的条件。我们应用这些条件来计算稳态解和振荡动力学。通过冻结高斯波包，我们将 Gross-Pitaevskii 方程与四模模型联系起来，并给出了外部电势所需的参数，这为实际的实验设置提供了近似条件。
A PT-symmetric Bose-Einstein condensate can be theoretically described using a complex optical potential, however, the experimental realization of such an optical potential describing the coherent in- and outcoupling of particles is a nontrivial task. We propose an experiment for a quantum mechanical realization of a PT-symmetric system, where the PT-symmetric currents of a two-well system are implemented by coupling two additional wells to the system, which act as particle reservoirs. In terms of a simple four-mode model we derive conditions under which the two middle wells of the Hermitian four-well system behave exactly as the two wells of the PT-symmetric system. We apply these conditions to calculate stationary solutions and oscillatory dynamics. By means of frozen Gaussian wave packets we relate the Gross-Pitaevskii equation to the four-mode model and give parameters required for the external potential, which provides approximate conditions for a realistic experimental setup.