Biomass production and phosphorus accumulation of potato as affected by phosphorus nutrition
Biomass production and phosphorus accumulation of potato as affected by phosphorus nutrition
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DOI：
10.1080/01904169909365618
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Martínez, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alvarez-Sánchez, E;Etchevers, JD;Martínez, A
马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum）通常需要大量磷肥才能达到经济上可接受的产量，特别是在源自火山灰的土壤中。这是马铃薯植物烟灰密度低和磷在土壤中扩散速度慢的结果。本研究的目的是评价施磷量对马铃薯块茎产量、生物量生产和分布、生物量磷积累和浓度以及磷在马铃薯cv中的分布的影响。Mexiquense。该试验在位于墨西哥谷东部的Andisol （7.8 μ g(-1) Olsen-P）中进行。普通过磷酸钙的施肥量分别为0、18、41、46、69、78、90、106、113、135、150、163和207 kg ha(-1) P。收获时测定植株顶生长和根系生物量、块茎产量、磷百分比和植株各部位磷积累量。平均块茎产量最小和最大分别为8.4和18.0 Mg ha(-1)；植株吸收磷5.8和11.8 kg ha(-1)，分别对应于0（对照）和207 kg ha（-1）。施磷肥对植株磷浓度影响不大，块茎和顶端的平均磷浓度分别为0.20%和0.24%。磷素积累量随施磷素量的增加而增加，但块茎和顶部间磷素的分布与施磷素量有关。对照处理磷在茎尖和块茎间的分布近似为1:1，但随着施磷量的增加，茎尖磷减少，块茎磷增加。施磷量最高时，磷素在茎尖累积36%，在块茎累积64%。所获得的信息将有助于对墨西哥谷Andisols马铃薯磷肥的正确使用作出决定。
Potato (Solanum tuberosum) generally requires high amounts of phosphate fertilizer to reach economically acceptable yields, particularly in soils originating from volcanic ash. This is a consequence of the potato plants low soot density and the slow soil diffusion rate of phosphorus (P) in these soils. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of P rates on tuber yield, biomass production, and distribution, biomass P accumulation and concentration, and P distribution in potato cv. Mexiquense. The experiment was carried out in an Andisol (7.8 mu g g(-1) Olsen-P) located at the east of Valle de Mexico. Fertilization rates were 0, 18, 41, 46, 69, 78, 90, 106, 113, 135, 150, 163, and 207 kg ha(-1) P, from ordinary superphosphate. Top growth and root biomass, tuber yield, P percentage and P accumulation in different plant parts were measured at harvest. Minimum and maximum average tuber yields were 8.4 and 18.0 Mg ha(-1); the plants absorbed 5.8 and 11.8 kg ha(-1) P, corresponding to 0 (control) and 207 bg ha(-1) P, respectively. Phosphorus fertilization had little influence on plant P concentration, where average concentrations in tuber and top growth were 0.20 and 0.24% P, respectively. By contrast, P accumulation increased with increasing P rates, but P distribution between tuber and top growth was dependent on the amount of P applied. The control treatment showed approximately 1:1 distribution of P between top growth and tuber, but as P rate increased, top growth P decreased and tuber P increased. When applying the highest P rate, 36% of P accumulated in the top growth and 64% in the tuber. The information obtained will permit decisions on the correct use of phosphate fertilizer for potato in Andisols of the Valle de Mexico.