Roosting behaviour in laying hens on perches of different temperatures: Trade-offs between thermoregulation, energy budget, vigilance and resting
Roosting behaviour in laying hens on perches of different temperatures: Trade-offs between thermoregulation, energy budget, vigilance and resting
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DOI：
10.1016/j.applanim.2011.07.003
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发表时间：
2011-11-15
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Schrader, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pickel, Thorsten;Scholz, Britta;Schrader, Lars
产蛋母鸡通常选择一个较高的位置在夜间休息。之前的一项研究表明，母鸡在休息时的姿势受到栖息材料的影响，很可能是因为它的导热性。本研究的目的是分析栖息表面温度对蛋鸡休息行为和休息舒适性的影响。在两个相同的试验中，每组5只罗曼选择的来航鸡被依次饲养在三个隔间中(n=6组30只鸡)。车厢同样配备了一个外径34毫米的光滑圆形镀锌钢架。栖息地的表面温度是通过让水通过它们来控制的，三个隔间的温度分别为15摄氏度、18摄氏度(室温)和28摄氏度。通过调查母鸡活跃的行为模式和休息(站立或坐着)的比例，观察母鸡在夜间的行为，无论是头向前不动，脖子后缩，或者头向后塞进翅膀底部上方或翅膀后面的羽毛中。栖息的母鸡数量和栖息时间不受栖息温度的影响。然而，母鸡的休息姿势受到了很大的影响。在最温暖的栖息地上，母鸡的头向前站立的姿势休息得更多，并且与两种较凉爽的栖息地相比，表现出更活跃的行为模式(P<；0.001)。在凉爽的栖息地上，母鸡在坐着和站着的姿势下休息得更多，头部覆盖着羽毛(P<；0.05)。我们的数据显示，栖息温度对蛋鸡的休息行为有很大影响。在这种背景下，母鸡面临着在行为的体温调节调整、能量预算的优化、休息的栖息和警惕行为之间不断产生的权衡。(C)2011爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Laying hens usually select an elevated position for resting at night-time. A previous study showed that the position a hen takes during resting was affected by perch material, most probably due to its thermal conductivity. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of perch surface temperature on resting behaviour and resting comfort in laying hens. In each of two identical trials, three groups of five Lohmann Selected Leghorn hens were housed in each of three compartments in turn (n = 30 birds in six groups). Compartments were equally equipped with one smooth, round galvanised steel perch of 34 mm external diameter. The surface temperatures of perches were controlled by passing water through them, giving temperatures of 15 degrees C, 18 degrees C (room temperature) and 28 degrees C respectively in the three compartments. Hen behaviour was observed at night-time by investigating the proportion of active behavioural patterns and resting (standing or sitting), either with 'head forward motionless and neck withdrawn' or 'head tucked backwards into feathers above wing base or behind a wing.' The number of hens perching and the time spent perching were unaffected by perch temperature. Hens' resting postures, however, were strongly influenced. On the warmest perch, hens rested more with their head forward in a standing position and showed more active behavioural patterns compared to both cooler perches (P < 0.001). On the cooler perches, hens rested more with their head covered by feathers in a sitting and standing position (P < 0.05). Our data show that perch temperature strongly affects laying hens' resting behaviour. In this context, hens are confronted with arising trade-offs between thermoregulatory adjustment of behaviour, optimisation of energy budget, restful roosting and vigilance behaviour. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.