Quantum simulation of 2D antiferromagnets with hundreds of Rydberg atoms
Quantum simulation of 2D antiferromagnets with hundreds of Rydberg atoms
复制标题
具有数百个里德伯原子的二维反铁磁体的量子模拟
DOI：
10.1038/s41586-021-03585-1
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发表时间：
2021-07-08
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Browaeys, Antoine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Scholl, Pascal;Schuler, Michael;Browaeys, Antoine
使用合成系统的量子模拟是解决其他方法（包括数值方法）失败的机制中的杰出量子多体问题的一条有前途的途径（1）。许多平台正在朝着这个目标发展，特别是基于捕获离子（2-4），超导电路（5-7），中性原子（8-11）或分子（12，13）。所有这些平台都面临着两个关键挑战：在保持对参数的高质量控制的同时扩大集成规模，以及验证这些大型系统的输出。在这里，我们使用绑在光镊中的单个原子的可编程阵列，通过激光激发到里德伯态（11）来控制相互作用，以实现一个标志性的多体问题-反铁磁二维横向场伊辛模型。我们把这个平台的政权高达196个原子操纵高保真度和探测反铁磁序动态调整参数的哈密顿量。我们说明了我们的平台的多功能性，通过探索不同的系统大小上两个定性不同的几何形状-正方形和三角形阵列。我们获得了良好的协议与数值计算的计算可行的大小（约100个粒子）。这项工作表明我们的平台可以很容易地用于解决多体物理学中的悬而未决的问题。
Quantum simulation using synthetic systems is a promising route to solve outstanding quantum many-body problems in regimes where other approaches, including numerical ones, fail(1). Many platforms are being developed towards this goal, in particular based on trapped ions(2-4), superconducting circuits(5-7), neutral atoms(8-11) or molecules(12,13). All of these platforms face two key challenges: scaling up the ensemble size while retaining high-quality control over the parameters, and validating the outputs for these large systems. Here we use programmable arrays of individual atom strapped in optical tweezers, with interactions controlled by laser excitation to Rydberg states(11), to implement an iconic many-body problem-the antiferromagnetic two-dimensional transverse-field Ising model. We push this platform to a regime with up to 196 atoms manipulated with high fidelity and probe the antiferromagnetic order by dynamically tuning the parameters of the Hamiltonian. We illustrate the versatility of our platform by exploring various system sizes on two qualitatively different geometries-square and triangular arrays. We obtain good agreement with numerical calculations up to a computationally feasible size (approximately 100 particles). This work demonstrates that our platform can be readily used to address open questions in many-body physics.