Structural and mechanistic basis for preferential deadenylation of U6 snRNA by Usb1.

Structural and mechanistic basis for preferential deadenylation of U6 snRNA by Usb1.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gky812
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发表时间:
2018-11-30
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Butcher SE
Butcher SE
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nomura Y;Roston D;Montemayor EJ;Cui Q;Butcher SE

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snRNA 的转录后修饰对于剪接体功能至关重要。 Usb1 是一种核糖核酸外切酶,可缩短 U6 snRNA 的寡尿苷尾,从而在包括人类在内的大多数真核生物中产生末端 2',3' 环状磷酸基团。人类 Usb1 的功能缺失突变会导致罕见的皮肤异色症伴中性粒细胞减少症 (PN),并导致 U6 snRNA 的 3' 末端延长且异常腺苷酸化。在这里,我们发现人类 Usb1 去除 3' 腺苷的效率比尿苷高 20 倍,这解释了缺乏 Usb1 的细胞中存在腺苷酸化 U6 snRNA。我们确定了 Usb1 的三种高分辨率共晶结构:与底物类似物腺苷 5'-单磷酸结合的野生型 Usb1,以及与具有 3' 末端腺苷和尿苷的 RNA 结合的失活突变体。这些结构以及催化机制的 QM/MM MD 模拟阐明了 U6 snRNA 优先去腺苷酸化的分子基础。 Usb1 加工的程度受 U6 snRNA 二级结构的影响。
Post-transcriptional modification of snRNA is central to spliceosome function. Usb1 is an exoribonuclease that shortens the oligo-uridine tail of U6 snRNA, resulting in a terminal 2′,3′ cyclic phosphate group in most eukaryotes, including humans. Loss of function mutations in human Usb1 cause the rare disorder poikiloderma with neutropenia (PN), and result in U6 snRNAs with elongated 3′ ends that are aberrantly adenylated. Here, we show that human Usb1 removes 3′ adenosines with 20-fold greater efficiency than uridines, which explains the presence of adenylated U6 snRNAs in cells lacking Usb1. We determined three high-resolution co-crystal structures of Usb1: wild-type Usb1 bound to the substrate analog adenosine 5′-monophosphate, and an inactive mutant bound to RNAs with a 3′ terminal adenosine and uridine. These structures, along with QM/MM MD simulations of the catalytic mechanism, illuminate the molecular basis for preferential deadenylation of U6 snRNA. The extent of Usb1 processing is influenced by the secondary structure of U6 snRNA.
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