Both male and female novel traits promote the correlated evolution of genitalia between the sexes in an arthropod
Both male and female novel traits promote the correlated evolution of genitalia between the sexes in an arthropod
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雄性和雌性的新特征都促进了节肢动物两性生殖器的相关进化
DOI：
10.1111/evo.12288
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发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
T. and T. Sota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tanabe;T. and T. Sota
性别间生殖器的相关进化已在许多类群中得到证实。然而，目前尚不清楚女性生殖器而不是男性生殖器是否能在男性和女性生殖器的相关进化中发挥关键作用。我们对一组表现出不同生殖器形态的千足虫的生殖器结构、整个生殖器的重量、两性的身体和雄性生殖器长度的分化模式进行了广泛的跨种群分析。我们证明，在千足类动物中，雄性和雌性生殖器向夸张状态的相关进化已经发生，它们在雄性(钳子状的生殖足动物)和雌性(可伸缩的波纹管)中进化出了新的特征。钳状生殖器的扩大和延长可能有利于精子竞争，而波纹管的扩大和延长可能有助于接受/拒绝受精，以确保雌性的健康。这些男性和女性生殖器部分影响了异性的相关进化，导致生殖器形态的多样化和夸张。我们的研究表明，不仅在男性身上，而且在女性身上，进化新奇特征可能在两性生殖器的相关进化中发挥重要作用。
The correlated evolution of genitalia between sexes has been demonstrated in many taxa. However, it remains unclear whether female rather than male genitalia can play a key role in the correlated evolution of male and female genitalia. We conducted an extensive cross-population analysis of the divergence patterns of genital structures, weights of whole genital organs, and the bodies of both sexes, and male genital length in a group of xystodesmid millipedes showing diverse genital morphologies. We demonstrate that the correlated evolution of male and female genitalia toward exaggerated states has occurred in the millipedes, which have evolved novel traits in both males (forceps-like gonopods) and females (retractable bellows). Enlargement and elongation of forceps-like gonopods may be advantageous in sperm competition, whereas enlargement and elongation of the bellows may facilitate acceptance/rejection of insemination for ensuring the female's fitness. These male and female genital parts have affected the correlated evolution in the opposite sex, resulting in diversification and exaggeration of genital morphology. Our study suggests that evolutionary novel traits in not only males but also in females could play an important role in the correlated evolution of genitalia between the sexes.