Surface pressure record of Tibetan Plateau warming since the 1870s
Surface pressure record of Tibetan Plateau warming since the 1870s
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/qj.1948
复制
发表时间：
2012-10
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
G. Moore
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Moore
青藏高原是世界上海拔最高、面积最大的高原。TP既是一个高空热源，也是一个地形屏障，对当地天气和全球气候都有深远的影响。最近，TP变暖的速度比整个北半球都快。然而，20世纪50年代之前缺乏有用的记录，限制了我们将最近的气候变暖放在更长期背景下的能力。这里我们表明，由于高原的高海拔，地面气压是地面气温的替代指标，自19世纪70年代以来，地面气压比TP有统计上的显著增加，自20世纪80年代以来经历了加速。周围低海拔地区的地面气压也有补偿性的下降。此外，我们还表明，自19世纪70年代以来，高原上的地面气压与北半球的温度记录之间存在着超过99百分位数的统计意义上的相关。最后，高原上地面气压的变化趋势与19世纪70年代以来∼年平均气温升高0.4℃和80年代以来∼年平均气温升高1℃相一致。由地面气压趋势得到的TP的长期增暖与长期半球增暖是同一量级的。这表明，最近在高原上观察到的变暖速度加快并不是一个长期现象。版权所有©2012皇家气象学会
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is the world's highest and largest plateau. By acting as an elevated thermal source as well as a topographic barrier, the TP has a profound impact on both local weather and global climate. The TP has recently been warming at a faster rate than the entire Northern Hemisphere. However, the lack of instrumental records prior to the 1950s limits our ability to place this recent warming in a longer‐term context. Here we show that over the plateau, because of its high elevation, the surface pressure is a proxy for surface air temperature and that since the 1870s there has been a statistically significant increase in surface pressure over the TP, that has undergone an acceleration since the 1980s. There is also a compensatory decrease in surface pressure in the surrounding lower elevation region. Furthermore, we show that since the 1870s the surface pressure over the plateau is correlated with the Northern Hemisphere temperature record at a statistical significance that exceeds the 99 percentile. Finally, the trend in surface pressure over the plateau is consistent with an increase in annual mean surface air temperature of ∼0.4°C since the 1870s and an increase of ∼1°C since the 1980s. The long‐term warming over the TP derived from the surface pressure trend is of the same order as the long‐term hemispheric warming. This suggests that the increased rate of warming recently observed over the plateau is not a long‐term phenomenon. Copyright © 2012 Royal Meteorological Society