Social polymorphism in the sweat bee Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) calceatum.
Social polymorphism in the sweat bee Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) calceatum.
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DOI：
10.1007/s00040-016-0473-3
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Field J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davison PJ;Field J
温带社会多态汗蜂（Hyplittera：Halictidae）是理想的模式系统，阐明真社会性的起源，一个主要的进化转变。蜜蜂在其栖息地的不同地区表现出社交或孤独行为，而社交表型通常与季节长度相关。尽管它们的明显的效用，然而，社会多态汗蜂得到了相对较少的关注，了解真社会性的起源。Lasioglossum（Evylaeus）calceatum是一种广泛分布的汗蜂，被认为是社会多态性的，具有作为实验模式物种的重要潜力。我们首先确定了L. calceatum在三个地点位于不同纬度的英国。然后，我们在最南端的地点详细调查了两年的社会性。我们发现L. calceatum表现出纬度社会多态性在英国;蜜蜂是孤独的在我们的两个北方网站，但大多数的巢是社会在我们的南方网站。在南方的社会性的特点是一个相对较小的平均值2和3.5工人每巢在每年，分别和一个小到中等的平均种姓大小二型性的6.6%。在我们的北方和高海拔人群中，Foundresses较小。社会性显然不如一些密切相关的专性社会物种专业化，但可能比其他多态汗蜂更专业化。我们的研究为将来的实验工作提供了一个起点，以调查L。calceatum。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007/s 00040 -016-0473-3）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Temperate-zone socially polymorphic sweat bees (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) are ideal model systems for elucidating the origins of eusociality, a major evolutionary transition. Bees express either social or solitary behaviour in different parts of their range, and social phenotype typically correlates with season length. Despite their obvious utility, however, socially polymorphic sweat bees have received relatively little attention with respect to understanding the origins of eusociality. Lasioglossum (Evylaeus) calceatum is a widespread sweat bee that is thought to be socially polymorphic, with important potential as an experimental model species. We first determined the social phenotype of L. calceatum at three sites located at different latitudes within the UK. We then investigated sociality in detail across two years at the southernmost site. We found that L. calceatum exhibits latitudinal social polymorphism within the UK; bees were solitary at our two northern sites but the majority of nests were social at our southern site. Sociality in the south was characterised by a relatively small mean of two and 3.5 workers per nest in each year, respectively, and a small to medium mean caste-size dimorphism of 6.6 %. Foundresses were smaller in our more northern and high altitude populations. Sociality is clearly less specialised than in some closely related obligately social species but probably more specialied than other polymorphic sweat bees. Our research provides a starting point for future experimental work to investigate mechanisms underlying social polymorphism in L. calceatum. The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00040-016-0473-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.