Influence of Family Factors and Supervised Alcohol Use on Adolescent Alcohol Use and Harms: Similarities Between Youth in Different Alcohol Policy Contexts
Influence of Family Factors and Supervised Alcohol Use on Adolescent Alcohol Use and Harms: Similarities Between Youth in Different Alcohol Policy Contexts
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DOI：
10.15288/jsad.2011.72.418
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hemphill, Sheryl A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMorris, Barbara J.;Catalano, Richard F.;Hemphill, Sheryl A.
目的：危害最小化政策表明，饮酒是青少年正常发展的一部分，父母应监督子女饮酒，鼓励合理饮酒。零容忍政策表明，应该劝阻所有未成年人饮酒。在美国华盛顿州和澳大利亚维多利亚州，这两个州分别采用了零容忍政策和危害最小化政策，比较了家庭环境和监督饮酒对青少年酒精使用和相关危害的影响，以及从危害最小化政策和零容忍政策中得出的假设。方法：从各州学校招募具有代表性的七年级学生样本（N = 1945，女生989）。从2002年到2004年，九年级学生每年完成一次关于酒精使用、相关问题行为、风险和保护因素的综合问卷调查。结果：两个州的家庭背景与酒精使用和有害使用之间的关系非常相似。成年人监督下的饮酒环境与较高水平的有害酒精后果相关。成年人监督下的酒精使用介导了父母对酒精使用的有利态度与两州九年级学生酒精使用之间的联系。结论：尽管两个州的政策不同，但家庭背景变量与酒精使用和有害使用之间的关系非常相似。与危害最小化政策的预测相反，在成人监督下的酒精使用环境导致了更高程度的有害酒精后果。研究结果挑战了危害最小化的观点，即在监督下使用酒精或早期使用酒精会减少青少年酒精问题的发展。(J螺栓。酒精和药物，72,418-428,2011年)
Objective: Harm-minimization policies suggest that alcohol use is a part of normal adolescent development and that parents should supervise their children's use to encourage responsible drinking. Zero-tolerance policies suggest that all underage alcohol use should be discouraged. This article compared hypotheses derived from harm-minimization and zero-tolerance policies regarding the influence of family context and supervised drinking on adolescent alcohol use and related harms among adolescents in Washington State, USA, and Victoria, Australia, two states that have respectively adopted zero-tolerance and harm-minimization policies. Method: Representative samples of seventh-grade students (N = 1,945; 989 females) were recruited from schools in each state. Students completed comprehensive questionnaires on alcohol use, related problem behaviors, and risk and protective factors annually from 2002 to 2004 when they were in ninth grade. Results: Relationships between family context and alcohol use and harmful use were very similar in both states. Adult-supervised settings for alcohol use were associated with higher levels of harmful alcohol consequences. Adult-supervised alcohol use mediated the links between favorable parental attitudes to alcohol use and ninth-grade alcohol use for students in both states. Conclusions: Despite policy differences in the two states, relationships between family context variables and alcohol use and harmful use are remarkably similar. Adult-supervised settings for alcohol use resulted in higher levels of harmful alcohol consequences, contrary to predictions derived from harm-minimization policy. Findings challenge the harm-minimization position that supervised alcohol use or early-age alcohol use will reduce the development of adolescent alcohol problems. (J Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 72, 418-428,2011)