Cysteine and hydrogen sulphide in the regulation of metabolism: insights from genetics and pharmacology.
Cysteine and hydrogen sulphide in the regulation of metabolism: insights from genetics and pharmacology.
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DOI：
10.1002/path.4659
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发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Morton NM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carter RN;Morton NM
肥胖症和糖尿病是一个严重和不断升级的全球健康负担。这些病症的特征是异常的营养稳态。一种这样的扰动是含硫氨基酸半胱氨酸的代谢改变。肥胖与血浆半胱氨酸水平升高相关，而糖尿病与半胱氨酸水平降低相关。半胱氨酸可能起作用的一种机制是通过其酶分解产生硫化氢（H2S），这是一种调节葡萄糖和脂质体内平衡的气体递质。在这里，我们回顾了药理学研究和转基因模型的证据表明，半胱氨酸和硫化氢在代谢失调中发挥作用，支持肥胖和糖尿病。然后，我们概述了越来越多的证据表明，通过其催化剂调节硫化氢水平可以影响代谢健康。通过整合硫化氢的产生和分解途径，我们重新评估了目前半胱氨酸和硫化氢代谢的假设模型，为它们在肥胖和糖尿病发病机制中的作用提供了新的见解。版权所有© 2015作者.大不列颠及爱尔兰病理学会。
Obesity and diabetes represent a significant and escalating worldwide health burden. These conditions are characterized by abnormal nutrient homeostasis. One such perturbation is altered metabolism of the sulphur‐containing amino acid cysteine. Obesity is associated with elevated plasma cysteine, whereas diabetes is associated with reduced cysteine levels. One mechanism by which cysteine may act is through its enzymatic breakdown to produce hydrogen sulphide (H2S), a gasotransmitter that regulates glucose and lipid homeostasis. Here we review evidence from both pharmacological studies and transgenic models suggesting that cysteine and hydrogen sulphide play a role in the metabolic dysregulation underpinning obesity and diabetes. We then outline the growing evidence that regulation of hydrogen sulphide levels through its catabolism can impact metabolic health. By integrating hydrogen sulphide production and breakdown pathways, we re‐assess current hypothetical models of cysteine and hydrogen sulphide metabolism, offering new insight into their roles in the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. © 2015 The Authors. Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.