Confirmation of Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Mice Using Surface Pad Electrocardiography.
Confirmation of Myocardial Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury in Mice Using Surface Pad Electrocardiography.
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DOI：
10.3791/54814
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发表时间：
2016-11-24
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Singh K
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文献类型：
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作者：
Scofield SL;Singh K
心肌重构和心力衰竭是世界范围内死亡的头号原因，因此建立了许多动物模型来研究心肌重构和心力衰竭。在人类中，冠状动脉形成病理性闭塞，闭塞动脉的再灌注被认为是维持危险心肌活力的必要条件。缺血心肌的再灌注虽然对心肌恢复至关重要，但也会造成自身的组织损伤。缺血/再灌注损伤的生理反应和愈合不同于慢性闭塞损伤。心肌缺血/再灌注损伤作为心肌梗死研究的一种临床相关模型正逐渐得到认可。因此，平行动物缺血/再灌注模型对于提高心肌损伤知识基础至关重要。通常，左前降支（LAD）冠状动脉闭塞后的小鼠心脏缺血可以通过闭塞（结扎）下可见的心肌苍白来证实。然而，这只能提供一种主观的方法来确认正确或一致的结扎位置，因为在不同的心肌区域有多条大动脉可能导致苍白。一种记录心电图变化的方法来评估正确的结扎位置和由此产生的缺血和再灌注，以补充观察到的心肌苍白，将有助于在小鼠模型中产生一致的梗死面积。反过来，这将有助于减少使用的小鼠数量。此外，心电图变化可以在手术后以无创的方式持续记录。本文将介绍一种实时心电图确认心肌缺血再灌注的方法。
Many animal models have been established for the study of myocardial remodeling and heart failure due to its status as the number one cause of mortality worldwide. In humans, a pathologic occlusion forms in a coronary artery and reperfusion of that occluded artery is considered essential to maintain viability of the myocardium at risk. Although essential for myocardial recovery, reperfusion of the ischemic myocardium creates its own tissue injury. The physiologic response and healing of an ischemia/reperfusion injury is different from a chronic occlusion injury. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury is gaining recognition as a clinically relevant model for myocardial infarction studies. For this reason, parallel animal models of ischemia/reperfusion are vital in advancing the knowledge base regarding myocardial injury. Typically, ischemia of the mouse heart after left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion is confirmed by visible pallor of the myocardium below the occlusion (ligature). However, this offers only a subjective way of confirming correct or consistent ligature placement, as there are multiple major arteries that could cause pallor in different myocardial regions. A method of recording electrocardiographic changes to assess correct ligature placement and resultant ischemia as well as reperfusion, to supplement observed myocardial pallor, would help yield consistent infarct sizes in mouse models. In turn, this would help decrease the number of mice used. Additionally, electrocardiographic changes can continue to be recorded non-invasively in a time-dependent fashion after the surgery. This article will demonstrate a method of electrocardiographically confirming myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in real time.