An Introduction to Ethics
An Introduction to Ethics
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道德概论
DOI：
10.1007/978-1-349-20352-9_4
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发表时间：
1990
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Calvin Pinchin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Calvin Pinchin
伦理学可被定义为对我们道德判断的逻辑状况的研究。它与道德不同，因为它不涉及做出道德判断。根据艾耶尔的观点，制定道德准则的道德家与关注分析道德判断本质的道德哲学家之间的区别并不总是很明显。艾耶尔告诉我们，一篇严格的伦理学哲学论文不做道德判断。它分析伦理术语，表明它们属于哪些语言范畴。换句话说，哲学家在做出道德判断时就停止了哲学思考而开始进行道德说教。艾耶尔的立场是中立的。它应该与柏拉图和苏格拉底的立场形成对比。他们认为道德哲学家的任务是发现和描述理想的生活以及有利于这种生活的社会和政治制度。亚里士多德关注的是人的主要善。
Ethics may be defined as the study of the logical status of our moral judgements. It differs from morals in that it does not involve making moral judgements. According to Ayer, the distinction is not always marked between the moralist, who sets out a moral code, and the moral philosopher whose concern is to analyse the nature of moral judgements. Ayer tells us that a strictly philosophical treatise on ethics makes no moral judgements. It analyses ethical terms showing to what linguistic categories they belong. In other words, philosophers stop philosophising and start moralising when they make moral judgements. Ayer’s position is a neutral one. It should be contrasted with that of Plato and Socrates. They saw the task of the moral philosopher as discovering and describing the ideal life and the social and political institutions which are conducive to that life. Aristotle’s concern was with the chief good for man.