Epidemiological Correlates of Breast Cancer in South India
Epidemiological Correlates of Breast Cancer in South India
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DOI：
10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.9.5077
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Thiyagarajan, Jotheeswaran Amuthavalli
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Babu, Giridhara Rathnaiah;Lakshmi, Srikanthi Bodapati;Thiyagarajan, Jotheeswaran Amuthavalli
背景：乳腺癌是全球女性最常见的癌症，也是女性癌症死亡的第二大原因（仅次于肺癌）。印度正在经历流行病学转变。据报道，由于生殖危险因素、饮食习惯的改变和预期寿命的延长，以及遗传因素的共同作用，乳腺癌的发病率正在迅速上升。材料和方法：为了了解印度南部乳腺癌现有的流行病学相关性，对乳腺癌流行病学相关性的现有证据进行了系统回顾，涉及发病率、患病率以及年龄、生殖因素、文化和宗教因素等相关因素，特别关注印度南部的筛查程序。结果：由于各种可改变的危险因素，乳腺癌发病率有所增加，特别是在 40 岁以上的女性中，晚期就诊、对筛查、费用、与疾病相关的恐惧和耻辱缺乏认识是早期就诊的主要障碍。结论：教育策略应旨在改变生活方式、早期计划怀孕、促进母乳喂养和身体活动。获取可靠的数据对于规划政策、决策和确定优先事项非常重要。
Background: Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women globally and represents the second leading cause of cancer death among women (after lung cancer). India is going through epidemiologic transition. It is reported that the incidence of breast cancer is rising rapidly as a result of changes in reproductive risk factors, dietary habits and increasing life expectancy, acting in concert with genetic factors. Materials and Methods: In order to understand the existing epidemiological correlates of breast cancer in South India, a systematic review of evidence available on epidemiologic correlates of breast cancer addressing incidence, prevalence, and associated factors like age, reproductive factors, cultural and religious factors was performed with specific focus on screening procedures in southern India. Results: An increase in breast cancer incidence due to various modifiable risk factors was noted, especially in women over 40 years of age, with late stage of presentation, lack of awareness about screening, costs, fear and stigma associated with the disease serving as major barriers for early presentation. Conclusions: Educational strategies should be aimed at modifying the life style, early planning of pregnancy, promoting breast feeding and physical activity. It is very important to obtain reliable data for planning policies, decision-making and setting up the priorities.