Prevalence and correlates of driving under the influence of stimulants: Evidence from a national sample
Prevalence and correlates of driving under the influence of stimulants: Evidence from a national sample
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107364
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发表时间：
2022-05-30
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Vaughn, Michael G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goings, Trenette C.;Cano, Manuel;Vaughn, Michael G.
背景：每月有数百万美国人使用非法兴奋剂，全国数据表明兴奋剂的使用正在增加。然而，很少有证据表明在兴奋剂影响下驾驶（DUIS）的普遍性及其相关性。本研究旨在为美国成年人中酒后驾车的患病率提供新的证据。方法：本研究检查了2016-2019年全国药物使用和健康调查中170,944名18岁及以上成年人的数据。使用Stata和R，我们估计了美国成年人中酒后驾车的患病率和主要相关因素。结果：在成年人中，总体DUIS患病率为0.7%，在过去一年的兴奋剂使用者中为28.3%。在整个成人样本中，可卡因的DUI患病率为0.5%，甲基苯丙胺的DUI患病率为0.3%。超过五分之一（21.6%）的过去一年吸食可卡因的成年人报告了可卡因的酒后驾车，而近一半（47.2%）的过去一年吸食甲基苯丙胺的成年人报告了甲基苯丙胺的酒后驾车。报告早期开始使用的个人和符合可卡因/甲基苯丙胺使用障碍标准的人在兴奋剂影响下驾驶的可能性也高得多。在使用可卡因/甲基苯丙胺的成年人中，那些报告在兴奋剂影响下驾驶的人出现抑郁发作或心理困扰的可能性高出两倍以上。结论：研究结果表明，针对多种物质以及心理健康需求的预防/治疗方法可能最适合应对酒后驾车的挑战。
Background: Several million Americans use illicit stimulants every month and national data suggest stimulant use is increasing. However, little evidence exists that examines the prevalence and correlates of driving under the influence of stimulants (DUIS). The present study aimed to provide new evidence on the prevalence of DUIS in the U.S. adult population.Methods: This study examined data from 170,944 adults 18 and older in the 2016-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Using Stata and R, we estimated the prevalence and key correlates of DUIS among adults in the United States.Results: The overall prevalence of DUIS was 0.7% among adults in general and 28.3% among past-year stimulant users. Among the full adult sample, the prevalence of DUI cocaine was 0.5% and the prevalence of DUI meth-amphetamine was 0.3%. More than one in five (21.6%) adults with past year cocaine use reported DUI of cocaine, while nearly one half (47.2%) of adults with past year methamphetamine use reported DUI of meth-amphetamine. There is also a substantially higher likelihood of driving under the influence of stimulants among individuals reporting early onset of use and among those meeting criteria for cocaine/methamphetamine use disorders. Among adults who used cocaine/methamphetamine, those who reported driving under the influence of stimulants were more than 2 times more likely to experience a depressive episode or psychological distress.Conclusion: Findings suggest that prevention/treatment approaches focused on multiple substances as well as mental health needs may be most appropriate for addressing the challenge of DUIS.