ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES AND NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF ALIMENTARY BEHAVIOR IN THE CAT *
ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATES AND NEURAL SUBSTRATES OF ALIMENTARY BEHAVIOR IN THE CAT *
复制标题
猫消化行为的电生理相关性和神经基础*
DOI：
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发表时间：
1969
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
S. Roth
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sterman;W. Wyrwicka;S. Roth
虽然脑电图曾经作为神经行为研究的工具有很大的希望，但近年来它已经被许多人放弃，转而支持更复杂的单单位记录或诱发神经电反应。其他研究者更喜欢脑刺激和破坏、神经药理学和神经化学等有趣的空白，以追求这种有点难以捉摸的行为生物学基础。这种下降在这本专著中表现得最为明显，其中包含了大约37位对神经调节感兴趣的研究者的研究成果，而在这本专著中，我们是已经失传的脑电图艺术的唯一无畏的代表。事实上，我们代表了许多同事，他们不仅在睡眠和觉醒的研究中保持了信念，EEG仍然是主要的因变量，而且在饮食行为领域也保持了信念。虽然对后者的贡献很少，也许是零碎的，但它们是一致的。一些研究人员现在已经确定了这样一个事实，即在猫中，进食和饮水行为经常伴随着向高电压慢波（同步）EEG模式的转变。这不会是非常有趣的，除了这样一个事实，即这种脑电图活动通常只在正常猫的困倦和睡眠中看到。在我们实验室最近进行的研究中，这种“后兴奋同步”，正如我们所说的，已经定位于大脑皮层的后内侧区域。我们中的其他人描述了清醒动物的EEG同步的一种不同的、甚至更离散的模式，这种模式局限于感觉运动皮层，当动物抑制习得的工具性反应时，这种模式最清楚。为了保守起见，我们将这种活动称为“感觉运动节律”，并参考了它的地形定位。我们认为，这些离散的EEG现象的发现，因为它们与特定的行为相关，并且由于改进的记录技术的发展而容易受到研究的影响，提供了EEG在神经行为科学中的新的和潜在的富有成效的应用。在开始审查我们在这方面的一些努力之前，一般性地描述一下我们的做法的比较突出的特点将是有帮助的。
Although the electroencephalogram once held great promise as a tool for neurobehavioral research, in recent years it has been abandoned by many in favor of the more tanglible single-unit recording, or evoked neuroelectric response. Other investigators have preferred the intriguing voids of brain stimulation and destruction, neuropharmacology, and neurochemistry in pursuit of this somewhat elusive biological basis of behavior. Nowhere is the decline more evident than in this monograph which contains research by some 37 investigators interested in neural regulation, and in which we are the sole intrepid representatives of the lost art of the EEG. Actually, we represent many colleagues who have kept the faith, not only in the study of sleep and wakefulness, for which the EEG remains a primary dependent variable, but also in the field of alimentary behavior. Although the contributions to the latter have been few and, perhaps, fragmentary, they have been consistent. A number of investigators have now established the fact that in the cat, eating and drinking behavior is frequently accompanied by a shift to a high-voltage slowwave (synchronized) EEG pattern.’“ This would not be very interesting except for the fact that this EEG activity is usually seen only during drowsiness and sleep in the normal cat. In recent studies carried out in our laboratory5 this “postreinforcement synchronization,” as we call it, has been localized to the posteromedial region of the cerebral cortex. Others of us have described a different and even more discrete pattern of EEG synchronization in the waking animal, which is localized to the sensorimotor cortex, and which is seen most clearly whenever an animal suppresses a learned instrumental r e s p o n ~ e . ~ ~ In a swing toward conservatism, we have labeled this activity the “sensorimotor rhythm,” with reference to its topographic localization. It is our opinion that the discovery of these discrete EEG phenomena, correlated as they are with specific behaviors and made vulnerable to study by the development of improved recording techniques, offers a new and potentially fruitful application of the EEG to neurobehavioral science. Before proceeding to review some of our efforts in this regard it will be helpful to describe, in a general way, the more salient features of our approach.