The role of invariant natural killer T cells in microbial immunity.
The role of invariant natural killer T cells in microbial immunity.
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DOI：
10.1007/s10156-013-0638-1
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Kronenberg, Mitchell
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kinjo, Yuki;Kitano, Naoki;Kronenberg, Mitchell
不变自然杀伤T细胞（iNKT细胞）是一种独特的淋巴细胞，具有独特的特征，如表达不变T细胞抗原受体(TCR) α链，识别CD1d分子呈递的糖脂抗原，以及在TCR刺激下快速产生大量细胞因子的能力，包括干扰素-γ (IFNγ)和白细胞间素4 （IL-4）。许多研究表明，iNKT细胞参与对多种微生物的免疫反应，包括细菌、真菌、原生动物寄生虫和病毒。一般来说，这些细胞在宿主防御感染中起保护作用。然而，在某些情况下，它们通过诱导或增加炎症发挥致病作用。最近的报道表明，iNKT细胞可以识别包括肺炎链球菌在内的致病菌的糖脂抗原，并有助于宿主防御感染。iNKT细胞对这些微生物糖脂抗原的反应在啮齿类动物和人类之间是高度保守的，这表明iNKT细胞是进化保守的，因为它们不变的TCR在检测某些病原体时是有用的。此外，在免疫过程中，糖脂介导的iNKT细胞活化具有佐剂活性，增强了体液和细胞介导的反应。因此，iNKT细胞活化是开发感染性疾病新疫苗的一个有吸引力的靶点。
Invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT cells) are unique lymphocytes with characteristic features, such as expression of an invariant T cell antigen receptor (TCR) α chain, recognition of glycolipid antigens presented by CD1d molecules, and ability to rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines, including interferon-γ (IFNγ) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) upon TCR stimulation. Many studies have demonstrated that iNKT cells participate in immune response against diverse microbes, including bacteria, fungi, protozoan parasites and viruses. Generally, these cells play protective roles in host defense against infections. However, in some contexts they play pathogenic roles, by inducing or augmenting inflammation. Recent reports show that iNKT cells recognize glycolipid antigens from pathogenic bacteria including Streptococcus pneumoniae, and they contribute to host defense against infection. iNKT cell responses to these microbial glycolipid antigens are highly conserved between rodents and humans, suggesting that iNKT cells are evolutionally conserved because their invariant TCR is useful in detecting certain pathogens. Furthermore, glycolipid-mediated iNKT cell activation during immunization has adjuvant activity, enhancing humoral and cell-mediated responses. Therefore, iNKT cell activation is an attractive target for developing new vaccines for infectious diseases.
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影响因子：
6.4
作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
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