Managing nitrogen for sustainable development
Managing nitrogen for sustainable development
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/nature15743
复制
发表时间：
2015-12-03
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
Shen, Ye
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Xin;Davidson, Eric A.;Shen, Ye
提高作物生产中的氮素利用效率对于应对粮食安全、环境退化和气候变化这三大挑战至关重要。这种改善不仅取决于技术创新，还取决于目前知之甚少的社会经济因素。在这里，我们考察了农业氮素利用效率的历史模式，并找到了针对农业发展和相关污染的广泛的国家方法。我们分析了氮素使用的例子，并按地理区域和作物类型提出目标，以满足粮食及农业组织预测的2050年全球粮食需求，同时也满足联合国大会最近通过的与农业有关的可持续发展目标。此外，我们还讨论了可能有助于实现这些目标的社会经济政策和技术创新。
Improvements in nitrogen use efficiency in crop production are critical for addressing the triple challenges of food security, environmental degradation and climate change. Such improvements are conditional not only on technological innovation, but also on socio-economic factors that are at present poorly understood. Here we examine historical patterns of agricultural nitrogen-use efficiency and find a broad range of national approaches to agricultural development and related pollution. We analyse examples of nitrogen use and propose targets, by geographic region and crop type, to meet the 2050 global food demand projected by the Food and Agriculture Organization while also meeting the Sustainable Development Goals pertaining to agriculture recently adopted by the United Nations General Assembly. Furthermore, we discuss socio-economic policies and technological innovations that may help achieve them.