Microbe-induced plant resistance alters aphid inter-genotypic competition leading to rapid evolution with consequences for plant growth and aphid abundance
Microbe-induced plant resistance alters aphid inter-genotypic competition leading to rapid evolution with consequences for plant growth and aphid abundance
复制标题
微生物诱导的植物抗性改变了蚜虫的基因型间竞争，导致快速进化，从而影响植物生长和蚜虫丰度
作者：
Xi X
植物和昆虫食草动物是世界上最多样化的两种多细胞动物，它们都受到与地下土壤微生物群相互作用的强烈影响。互惠快速进化对草食动物和植物之间生态相互作用的影响已被反复证明，但尚不清楚土壤微生物组是否（以及如何）在共享寄主植物上介导这些生态进化过程。我们测试了一种对植物有益的土壤细菌——根酸霉在改变不同基因型蚜虫（Sitobion avenae、Sickte和Fescue基因型）以大麦hordeum vulgare为食的生态进化相互作用中的作用。在3个不同的大麦品种上分别接种或不接种a的情况下，分别饲养或一起饲养（群体混合）两种基因型蚜虫的繁殖力、寿命和群体生长情况进行了测定。radicis。结果表明，在所有植物品种中。根茎通过降低寿命和繁殖力来促进植物生长和抑制蚜虫种群。影响强度与蚜虫基因型和大麦品种有关，而影响方向受蚜虫种群混合的影响。使用Lotka-Volterra模型，我们证明了当ea。根茎接种降低了两种基因型蚜虫的生长速度，增加了一种基因型对另一种基因型的竞争力。一般来说，在a存在的情况下。根茎上，羊茅蚜基因型对镰刀蚜的抑制作用更强，而镰刀蚜促进羊茅蚜的生长。我们的研究表明，植物根际微生物组通过调节食草动物和寄主植物之间的生态进化相互作用，发挥群落水平的影响。通过改变蚜虫之间的竞争相互作用结果，从而影响快速进化等过程，土壤微生物对陆地栖息地的短期和长期结构和功能做出了贡献。
Plants and insect herbivores are two of the most diverse multicellular groups in the world, and both are strongly influenced by interactions with the belowground soil microbiome. Effects of reciprocal rapid evolution on ecological interactions between herbivores and plants have been repeatedly demonstrated, but it is unknown if (and how) the soil microbiome could mediate these eco‐evolutionary processes on a shared host plant. We tested the role of a plant‐beneficial soil bacteriumAcidovorax radicisin altering eco‐evolutionary interactions between different aphid genotypes (Sitobion avenae, genotypes Sickte and Fescue) feeding on barleyHordeum vulgare. We measured fecundity, longevity and population growth of two aphid genotypes reared separately or together (population mixture) on three different barley varieties that were inoculated with or withoutA. radicis. Results showed that across all plant varietiesA. radicisincreased plant growth and suppressed aphid populations via reduced longevity and fecundity. The strength of effect was dependent on aphid genotype and barley variety, while the direction of effect was altered by aphid population mixture. Using Lotka–Volterra modelling, we demonstrated that whileA. radicisinoculation decreased growth rates for both aphid genotypes it increased the competitiveness of one genotype against the other. In general, in the presence ofA. radicis, the Fescue aphid genotype became more inhibitory of Sickte aphids, while Sickte aphids facilitated the growth of Fescue aphids. Our work demonstrates that plant rhizosphere microbiomes exert community‐level influences by mediating eco‐evolutionary interactions between herbivores and host plants. By altering competitive interaction outcomes among aphids and thus impacting processes such as rapid evolution, soil microbes contribute to the short‐ and long‐term structure and functioning of terrestrial habitats.