APOBEC Enzymes as Targets for Virus and Cancer Therapy.

APOBEC Enzymes as Targets for Virus and Cancer Therapy.
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APOBEC酶是病毒和癌症治疗的靶标。

DOI:
10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.10.007
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发表时间:
2018-01-18
影响因子:
8.6
通讯作者:
Harki DA
Harki DA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Olson ME;Harris RS;Harki DA

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人DNA胞嘧啶尿嘧啶脱氨酶催化病原体和细胞基因组中的突变。APOBEC 3D、APOBEC 3F、APOBEC 3G和APOBEC 3 H限制缺乏病毒感染因子(Vif)的细胞中的人类免疫缺陷病毒-1(HIV-1)感染,并且具有在Vif熟练细胞中催化病毒基因组中的亚致死水平突变的潜力。至少两种APOBEC 3酶,特别是APOBEC 3B,是癌细胞中驱动肿瘤演变的体细胞诱变的来源,并可在临床上表现为复发、转移和/或治疗抗性。因此,APOBEC 3酶是开发化学探针和治疗分子以利用人类疾病中的突变过程的诱人目标。这篇综述强调了最近的努力,化学操纵APOBEC 3活动。APOBEC是单链DNA胞嘧啶尿嘧啶脱氨酶,通过限制外源DNA在先天免疫中发挥重要作用;然而,其异常活性可驱动病毒和癌症基因组的诱变。在这里,Olson等人回顾了利用APOBEC诱变作为控制人类疾病基因组进化的新策略的化学方法。
Human DNA cytosine-to-uracil deaminases catalyze mutations in both pathogen and cellular genomes. APOBEC3D, APOBEC3F, APOBEC3G, and APOBEC3H restrict human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in cells deficient in the viral infectivity factor (Vif), and have the potential to catalyze sub-lethal levels of mutation in viral genomes in Vif proficient cells. At least two APOBEC3 enzymes, and in particular APOBEC3B, are sources of somatic mutagenesis in cancer cells that drive tumor evolution and may manifest clinically as recurrence, metastasis, and/or therapy resistance. Consequently, APOBEC3 enzymes are tantalizing targets for developing chemical probes and therapeutic molecules to harness mutational processes in human disease. This review highlights recent efforts to chemically manipulate APOBEC3 activities. APOBECs are single-stranded-DNA cytosine-to-uracil deaminases that perform essential roles in innate immunity by restricting foreign DNA; however, their aberrant activities can drive mutagenesis of virus and cancer genomes. Here, Olson et al. review chemical approaches to harness APOBEC mutagenesis as a new strategy to control genome evolution in human disease.
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