Carbon Taxes, Path Dependency, and Directed Technical Change: Evidence from the Auto Industry
Carbon Taxes, Path Dependency, and Directed Technical Change: Evidence from the Auto Industry
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DOI：
10.1086/684581
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发表时间：
2012-12
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
P. Aghion;Antoine Dechezleprêtre;David Hémous;Ralf Martin;J. Van Reenen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Aghion;Antoine Dechezleprêtre;David Hémous;Ralf Martin;J. Van Reenen
定向技术变革能否用于应对气候变化？我们构建了新的公司层面的面板数据，以区分几十年来80个国家的“脏”（内燃机）和“干净”（如电动、混合动力和氢）专利的汽车行业创新。我们表明，当企业面临更高的含税燃料价格时，他们倾向于在清洁技术上进行更多的创新（而不是在污染技术上）。此外，无论是总体溢出效应还是企业自身的创新历史，在创新类型（清洁/肮脏）上都存在路径依赖。我们模拟了允许清洁技术超越污染技术所需的碳税的增加。
Can directed technical change be used to combat climate change? We construct new firm-level panel data on auto industry innovation distinguishing between “dirty” (internal combustion engine) and “clean” (e.g., electric, hybrid, and hydrogen) patents across 80 countries over several decades. We show that firms tend to innovate more in clean (and less in dirty) technologies when they face higher tax-inclusive fuel prices. Furthermore, there is path dependence in the type of innovation (clean/dirty) both from aggregate spillovers and from the firm’s own innovation history. We simulate the increases in carbon taxes needed to allow clean technologies to overtake dirty technologies.