Prevalence, genotypes and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii contamination in marine bivalve shellfish in offshore waters in eastern China
Prevalence, genotypes and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii contamination in marine bivalve shellfish in offshore waters in eastern China
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112048
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发表时间：
2021-02-19
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Elsheikha, Hany M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Cong, Wei;Li, Man-Yao;Elsheikha, Hany M.
对采自中国东部威海沿海6个代表性地区的4种海洋双壳贝类的弓形虫进行了大规模的流行病学调查。在2018年1月至2018年12月期间，随机采集了14535只海洋双壳贝类，分成2907个样本，采用针对B1基因的套式PCR方法检测弓形虫DNA。结果表明，2907份混合样本中有2.8%(82份)的弓形虫DNA检测呈阳性。用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性分析鉴定了弓形虫的两个基因型(ToxoDB基因#9和ToxoDB基因#1)。在海洋双壳贝类中发现与弓形虫DNA存在显著相关的因素包括样本来源(优势比[OR]，3.34；95%可信区间[CI]，2.00？5.84；p<；0.01)、采样点附近的地表径流(OR，2.64；95%CI，1.47？4.72；p<；0.01)以及采样点附近是否有猫(OR，1.77；95%CI，1.02？3.07；p=0.04)。此外，海水双壳贝类中弓形虫DNA的感染率与温度(皮尔逊？S相关系数：r=0.75，p=0.0049)和降雨量(r=0.87，p=0.00021)相关。这些发现为海洋双壳贝类中弓形虫DNA的存在提供了新的见解，并突出了人类活动对如此重要的陆地病原体污染物造成的海洋污染的影响。
We conducted a large-scale epidemiological investigation to detect the prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in four marine bivalve shellfish species collected from six representative coastal regions of Weihai, eastern China. Between January 2018 and December 2018, 14,535 marine bivalve shellfish pooled into 2907 samples were randomly collected and examined for T. gondii DNA by a nested PCR assay targeting B1 gene. The results showed that 2.8% (82) of the 2907 pooled samples were tested positive for T. gondii DNA. Two T. gondii genotype (ToxoDB Genotype #9 and ToxoDB Genotype #1) were identified PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Factors that were found significantly associated with the presence of T. gondii DNA in marine bivalve shellfish included the source of samples (being wild) (odds ratio [OR], 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.00?5.84; p < 0.01), surface runoff near the sampling site (OR, 2.64; 95% CI, 1.47?4.72; p < 0.01), and presence of cats near the sampling site (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.02?3.07; p = 0.04). Moreover, the prevalence of T. gondii DNA in marine bivalve shellfish correlated with temperature (Pearson?s correlation: R = 0.75, p = 0.0049) and precipitation (R = 0.87, p = 0.00021). These findings provide new insights into the presence of T. gondii DNA in marine bivalve shellfish and highlight the impact of human activity on marine pollution by such an important terrestrial pathogen pollutant.