Microbial island biogeography: isolation shapes the life history characteristics but not diversity of root-symbiotic fungal communities
Microbial island biogeography: isolation shapes the life history characteristics but not diversity of root-symbiotic fungal communities
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/s41396-018-0196-8
复制
发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Zobel, Martin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davison, John;Moora, Mari;Zobel, Martin
岛屿地理学理论是生态学中最有影响的范式之一。岛屿的特点，包括地处偏远，可以深刻地调节生物多样性，这一点已得到动物和植物研究的证实。相比之下，影响岛屿系统中微生物多样性的过程在很大程度上仍然没有确定。我们对全球13个岛屿上收集的植物根系丛枝菌根（AM）真菌DNA进行了测序，并将岛屿上AM真菌的多样性与大陆站点的现有数据进行了比较。岛屿上的AM真菌群落（即使是那些距离最近的大陆>6000公里的岛屿）包括很少的地方性类群，并与大陆群落一样多样化。因此，在大型生物之间记录的模式相反，有效的传播似乎超过了调节AM真菌多样性的岛屿上的分类和灭绝的影响。尽管如此，AM真菌群落在更遥远的岛屿上包括更高比例的以前培养的大孢子类群，这表明扩散可能是人为介导的，或者需要耐受显著的环境压力，如暴露在阳光下或高盐度。在这个全球快速变化的时代，驱动大规模微生物多样性模式的过程是试图保护和恢复功能生态系统的关键考虑因素。
Island biogeography theory is one of the most influential paradigms in ecology. That island characteristics, including remoteness, can profoundly modulate biological diversity has been borne out by studies of animals and plants. By contrast, the processes influencing microbial diversity in island systems remain largely undetermined. We sequenced arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal DNA from plant roots collected on 13 islands worldwide and compared AM fungal diversity on islands with existing data from mainland sites. AM fungal communities on islands (even those >6000 km from the closest mainland) comprised few endemic taxa and were as diverse as mainland communities. Thus, in contrast to patterns recorded among macro-organisms, efficient dispersal appears to outweigh the effects of taxogenesis and extinction in regulating AM fungal diversity on islands. Nonetheless, AM fungal communities on more distant islands comprised a higher proportion of previously cultured and large-spored taxa, indicating that dispersal may be human-mediated or require tolerance of significant environmental stress, such as exposure to sunlight or high salinity. The processes driving large-scale patterns of microbial diversity are a key consideration for attempts to conserve and restore functioning ecosystems in this era of rapid global change.