Institutional abuse of children in the Austrian Catholic Church: Types of abuse and impact on adult survivors' current mental health
Institutional abuse of children in the Austrian Catholic Church: Types of abuse and impact on adult survivors' current mental health
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DOI：
10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.07.013
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发表时间：
2014-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Glueck, Tobias
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lueger-Schuster, Brigitte;Kantor, Viktoria;Glueck, Tobias
本研究的目的是探讨奥地利天主教会机构虐待儿童（IA）的性质和层面，并调查成年幸存者目前的心理健康状况。数据的收集分两步进行。首先，收集了448名成年IA幸存者（年龄为55.1岁，75.7%为男性）向受害者保护委员会披露其虐待史的文件。调查了不同类型的虐待、施暴者的特征和家庭相关的危险因素。其次，选取185名成年幸存者完成创伤后应激障碍检查表（PCL-C）和简短症状量表（BSI）。参与者报告了他们童年时期发生的各种各样的暴力行为，包括身体上、性上和精神上的虐待。大多数成年幸存者（83.3%）经历过精神虐待。性虐待（68.8%）和身体虐待（68.3%）的比例几乎同样高。PTSD患病率为48.6%，84.9%在10个症状维度（9个BSI亚量表和PTSD）中至少1个维度出现临床相关症状。没有发现特定的ia前影响会影响以后生活中PTSD的发展（例如贫困、家庭暴力）。然而，创伤后应激障碍幸存者报告的家庭相关危险因素总数明显更高（d = 0.33）。我们得出的结论是，儿童时期的IA包括广泛的暴力行为，并对成年幸存者当前的心理健康产生巨大的负面影响。我们解决了这些创伤经历的长期影响，以及成年后的创伤再激活，因为这两方面都对与幸存者一起工作的专业人员构成了巨大的挑战。(C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
The aim of this study was to explore the nature and dimensions of institutional child abuse (IA) by the Austrian Catholic Church and to investigate the current mental health of adult survivors. Data were collected in two steps. First, documents of 448 adult survivors of IA (M=55.1 years, 75.7% men) who had disclosed their abuse history to a victim protection commission were collected. Different types of abuse, perpetrator characteristics, and family related risk factors were investigated. Second, a sample of 185 adult survivors completed the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-C) and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Participants reported an enormous diversity of acts of violent physical, sexual, and emotional abuse that had occurred in their childhood. The majority of adult survivors (83.3%) experienced emotional abuse. Rates of sexual (68.8%) and physical abuse (68.3%) were almost equally high. The prevalence of PTSD was 48.6% and 84.9% showed clinically relevant symptoms in at least one I of 10 symptom dimensions (9 BSI subscales and PTSD). No specific pre-IA influence was found to influence the development of PTSD in later life (e.g. poverty, domestic violence). However, survivors with PTSD reported a significantly higher total number of family related risk factors (d = 0.33). We conclude that childhood IA includes a wide spectrum of violent acts, and has a massive negative impact on the current mental health cif adult survivors. We address the long-term effects of these traumatic experiences in addition to trauma re-activation in adulthood as both bear great challenges for professionals working with survivors. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.