Density of predating Asian hornets at hives disturbs the 3D flight performance of honey bees and decreases predation success.
Density of predating Asian hornets at hives disturbs the 3D flight performance of honey bees and decreases predation success.
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DOI：
10.1002/ece3.9902
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发表时间：
2023-03
影响因子：
2.6
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中科院分区：
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基于自动3D图像的跟踪系统是一种新的有前途的设备，可以非常准确和精确地研究飞行动物的觅食行为。3D分析可以提供关于速度、曲率和悬停的飞行性能的准确评估。然而，这项技术在生态学上的应用很少，特别是在昆虫方面。我们利用该技术分析了西方蜜蜂与入侵捕食者亚洲大黄蜂（Vespa velutina nigrithorax）的行为相互作用。研究了亚洲大黄蜂和蜜蜂的飞行速度、飞行曲率和在同一个蜂巢前盘旋是否会影响捕食成功。总共记录了603259次飞行轨迹和5175次捕食者-猎物飞行相互作用，导致126次成功捕食，占捕食成功率的2.4%。大黄蜂在蜂巢入口前的飞行速度远低于其猎物的飞行速度；相对于悬停能力，而曲率范围在两种之间重叠。蜜蜂在出口和入口飞行的速度、弯曲度和盘旋度都有很大的不同。有趣的是，我们发现大黄蜂的密度会影响蜜蜂和大黄蜂的飞行性能。高黄蜂密度导致蜜蜂离开蜂巢的速度下降，蜜蜂进入蜂巢的速度增加，同时飞行轨迹更弯曲。这些影响表明蜜蜂有一些躲避捕食者的行为。蜜蜂飞行曲率越大，大黄蜂捕食成功率越低。结果表明，当大黄蜂数量增加到8只时，捕食成功率增加，超过8只后，捕食成功率下降，可能是由于捕食者之间的竞争。尽管这项研究是基于一个单一的群体，但这项研究揭示了一些有趣的结果，这些结果来自于使用自动3D跟踪来获得飞行物种之间个体行为和行为相互作用的准确测量。在这项研究中，我们使用基于3D图像的跟踪分析了西方蜜蜂Apis melifera与其入侵捕食者亚洲大黄蜂Vespa velutina nigrithorax之间的行为相互作用。研究了亚洲大黄蜂和蜜蜂的飞行速度、飞行曲率和在蜂巢前盘旋是否会影响捕食成功。
Automated 3D image‐based tracking systems are new and promising devices to investigate the foraging behavior of flying animals with great accuracy and precision. 3D analyses can provide accurate assessments of flight performance in regard to speed, curvature, and hovering. However, there have been few applications of this technology in ecology, particularly for insects. We used this technology to analyze the behavioral interactions between the Western honey bee Apis mellifera and its invasive predator the Asian hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax. We investigated whether predation success could be affected by flight speed, flight curvature, and hovering of the Asian hornet and honey bees in front of one beehive. We recorded a total of 603,259 flight trajectories and 5175 predator–prey flight interactions leading to 126 successful predation events, representing 2.4% predation success. Flight speeds of hornets in front of hive entrances were much lower than that of their bee prey; in contrast to hovering capacity, while curvature range overlapped between the two species. There were large differences in speed, curvature, and hovering between the exit and entrance flights of honey bees. Interestingly, we found hornet density affected flight performance of both honey bees and hornets. Higher hornet density led to a decrease in the speed of honey bees leaving the hive, and an increase in the speed of honey bees entering the hive, together with more curved flight trajectories. These effects suggest some predator avoidance behavior by the bees. Higher honey bee flight curvature resulted in lower hornet predation success. Results showed an increase in predation success when hornet number increased up to 8 individuals, above which predation success decreased, likely due to competition among predators. Although based on a single colony, this study reveals interesting outcomes derived from the use of automated 3D tracking to derive accurate measures of individual behavior and behavioral interactions among flying species. In this study, we used 3D image based tracking to analyse the behavioural interactions between the Western honey bee Apis melifera and its invasive predator the Asian hornet, Vespa velutina nigrithorax. We investigated whether predation success could be affected by flight speed, flight curvature, and hovering of the Asian hornet and honey bees in front of the beehive.