Surface conditioning of additively manufactured titanium implants and its influence on materials properties and in vitro biocompatibility
Surface conditioning of additively manufactured titanium implants and its influence on materials properties and in vitro biocompatibility
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DOI：
10.1016/j.msec.2020.111631
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发表时间：
2021-02-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Botzenhart, Ute
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bernhardt, Anne;Schneider, Jakob;Botzenhart, Ute
定制的钛合金接骨材料可以通过增材制造来生成，取代对患者个体解剖结构的复杂适应，特别是对显示高度个体化表面积的下颌骨。印刷后，需要进一步调节以调整表面粗糙度。本研究的目的是分析不同的研磨和抛光程序对样品表面和成分以及体外生物相容性的影响。通过激光粉末床融合（LPBF）打印的Ti-6Al-4V ELI样品通过多层次程序进行后处理，以使用喷砂、振动抛光、电抛光或等离子抛光等表面调节技术来调节表面粗糙度。分析了表面的地形和化学成分。此外，定量了与细胞培养基接触的金属离子的释放。人成骨细胞以及原代人牙龈细胞（成纤维细胞和上皮细胞）培养在提取物中或直接在表面上，以分析细胞毒性，细胞粘附和细胞增殖。最终抛光后的不同材料的表面粗糙度在0.2和0.5 μ m之间，这是在相同的范围内，通常发现用于颌面外科的传统钛材料。此外，所有后处理技术的润湿性相当。所应用的抛光技术对抛光表面的化学成分有显著的影响。样品浸提液显示出低细胞毒性，但等离子抛光样品除外，其显示出释放出显著更高量的钒离子。因此，细胞在除等离子抛光标本外的所有样品上均显示出良好的粘附和增殖。这些器械可考虑用于临床，因为印刷和成品材料符合ISO 10993-5医疗器械的要求。
Customized osteosynthesis materials of titanium alloy can be generated by additive manufacturing replacing the complex adaptation to the patient individual anatomy, especially to the lower jaw bone which shows a highly individual surface area. After printing further conditioning is necessary to adjust surface roughness. The aim of the present study was to analyse the effect of different grinding and polishing procedures on sample surface and composition and in vitro biocompatibility. Ti-6Al-4V ELI samples printed by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) were post-treated by multi-level procedures to adjust surface roughness using the surface conditioning technologies sandblasting, vibratory finishing, electro polishing or plasma polishing. Topography and chemical composition of the surfaces was analysed. Furthermore, the release of metal ions in contact to cell culture medium was quantified. Human osteoblasts as well as primary human gingiva cells (fibroblasts and epithelial cells) were cultivated in extracts or directly on the surfaces to analyse cytotoxicity, cell adhesion and cell proliferation.Surface roughness of the different materials after final polishing was in between 0.2 and 0.5 mu m, which is in the same range as usually found for conventional titanium materials used in maxillofacial surgery. Furthermore, the wettability was comparable for all post-processing techniques. The chemical compositions of the finished surfaces showed a remarkable impact by the applied finishing technique. Extracts of the samples showed low cytotoxicity with exception of the plasma polished samples, which were shown to release significantly higher amounts of vanadium ions. Accordingly, cells showed good adhesion and proliferation on all samples except plasma polished specimens.Customized devices for midline osseodistraction were exemplarily printed with LPBF starting with patient's 3D data. Those devices can be considered for clinical use, since the printed and finished material meets the requirements of ISO 10993-5 for medical devices.