Network Diversity and Affect Dynamics: The Role of Personality Traits.
Network Diversity and Affect Dynamics: The Role of Personality Traits.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0152358
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rahwan I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alshamsi A;Pianesi F;Lepri B;Pentland A;Rahwan I
由于时间限制和关系强度的不同，人们在社会交往中分配的时间不平等。研究发现，社会交流的高度多样性，在社会交往中更平均地分配时间，与宏观和微观层面的经济福祉相关。除了经济幸福感，社会交往的多样性如何与个人主观幸福感的两个组成部分，积极和消极影响，也不清楚。具体而言，积极情感和消极情感是代表情感体验（感受）的两个独立维度。在本文中，我们调查的日常多样性的社会交往和动态情感状态，人们在日常生活中经历的关系。我们收集了两个高分辨率的数据集，通过日常经验抽样调查和可穿戴传感技术的社交互动来获取影响分数：用于面对面互动的社交徽章和用于移动的电话的智能手机。我们发现，沟通多样性与理想的情感状态相关。积极情感状态的增加或消极情感状态的减少-对于某些人格类型，但对于其他人格类型与不期望的情感状态相关。例如，电话的多样性对内向的人来说是好的，但对外向的人来说是坏的;面对面互动的多样性对天生积极的人来说是好的，但对天生不积极的人来说是坏的。更广泛地说，人格类型对多样性和影响之间的关系的调节作用被检测到没有任何知识的类型的社会关系或通信的内容。这进一步支持了不引人注目的感知在理解社会动态和衡量旨在改善福祉的潜在干预措施的效果方面的力量。
People divide their time unequally among their social contacts due to time constraints and varying strength of relationships. It was found that high diversity of social communication, dividing time more evenly among social contacts, is correlated with economic well-being both at macro and micro levels. Besides economic well-being, it is not clear how the diversity of social communication is also associated with the two components of individuals’ subjective well-being, positive and negative affect. Specifically, positive affect and negative affect are two independent dimensions representing the experience (feeling) of emotions. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the daily diversity of social communication and dynamic affect states that people experience in their daily lives. We collected two high-resolution datasets that capture affect scores via daily experience sampling surveys and social interaction through wearable sensing technologies: sociometric badges for face-to-face interaction and smart phones for mobile phone calls. We found that communication diversity correlates with desirable affect states–e.g. an increase in the positive affect state or a decrease in the negative affect state–for some personality types, but correlates with undesirable affect states for others. For example, diversity in phone calls is experienced as good by introverts, but bad by extroverts; diversity in face-to-face interaction is experienced as good by people who tend to be positive by nature (trait) but bad for people who tend to be not positive by nature. More broadly, the moderating effect of personality type on the relationship between diversity and affect was detected without any knowledge of the type of social tie or the content of communication. This provides further support for the power of unobtrusive sensing in understanding social dynamics, and in measuring the effect of potential interventions designed to improve well-being.