Phylogenetic and Morphological Diversity of Novel Soil Cercomonad Species with a Description of Two New Genera (Nucleocercomonas and Metabolomonas)
Phylogenetic and Morphological Diversity of Novel Soil Cercomonad Species with a Description of Two New Genera (Nucleocercomonas and Metabolomonas)
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DOI：
10.1016/j.protis.2012.02.002
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Arndt, Hartmut
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brabender, Marian;Kiss, Aron Keve;Arndt, Hartmut
尾毛虫是土壤和水生沉积物中微生物食物网的重要组成部分。在这里，我们研究了来自德国草原土壤栖息地的 cercomonad 培养物的一般形态、行为、生命周期和 18S rDNA 系统发育。我们描述了 10 个新物种，其中包括来自 23 个菌株的两个新属。描述了三种尾尾单胞菌、两种始尾尾单胞菌和三种副尾尾单胞菌属物种。基于较大的系统发育距离和独特的形态，我们在 cercomonad 树的根部附近建立了两个新的进化枝 B 属。核尾藻 11 月将军具有许多尾毛虫不寻常的特征：其前鞭毛极长，大部分不滑动，在其最频繁的生命阶段，细胞体不附着在基质上，而是产生独立的伪足。此外，它具有独特的细胞核，其外围核仁附着在与基体连接相对的核膜上。代谢单胞菌十一月将军新陈代谢极其旺盛。其特点是前鞭毛的跳动频率非常高、滑动速度快、形状变化快、细胞质流强。为先前描述的厌氧副尾毛胞菌种建立了一个新属。尾毛虫物种的一般形态通常与其系统发育位置不相符：密切相关的物种可能具有非常不同的形态。 (C) 2012 年爱思唯尔有限公司。版权所有。
Cercomonads are important components of microbial food webs in soils and aquatic sediments. Here, we investigated the general morphology, behaviour, life cycle and 18S rDNA phylogeny of cercomonad cultures from a German grassland soil habitat. We describe ten new species including two new genera from 23 strains. Three Cercomonas, two Eocercomonas and three Paracercomonas species are described. Based on large phylogenetic distance and distinct morphology, we erect two novel clade B genera near the root of the cercomonad tree. Nucleocercomonas nov. gen. bears a number of characters unusual for cercomonads: Its anterior flagellum is extremely long, it mostly does not glide, and in its most frequent life stage the cell body does not attach to the substratum, but produces unattached pseudopodia. Furthermore, it has a unique nucleus with a peripheral nucleolus that attaches to the nuclear envelope opposite the basal body connection. Metabolomonas nov. gen. is extremely metabolic. It is characterized by a very high beating frequency of the anterior flagellum, fast gliding, rapid changes in shape and strong cytoplasmic streams. A new genus Brevimastigomonas is erected for the previously described species Paracercomonas anaerobica. The general morphology of cercomonad species often does not correspond with their phylogenetic position: closely related species may have a very different morphology. (C) 2012 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.