An actin-dependent mechanism for long-range vesicle transport.

An actin-dependent mechanism for long-range vesicle transport.
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DOI:
10.1038/ncb2353
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发表时间:
2011-10-09
影响因子:
21.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
生物学1区
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--
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细胞内转运对真核细胞的功能、生存和结构都至关重要。动物细胞中的长距离运输被认为完全依赖于微管轨道。这项研究揭示了一个意想不到的肌动蛋白依赖,但微管独立的机制,为长距离运输的囊泡。囊泡通过募集肌动蛋白成核因子Spire 1、Spire 2和Formin-2来组织它们自己的肌动蛋白轨道,这些因子从囊泡的表面组装成广泛的肌动蛋白网络。网络将囊泡彼此连接并与质膜连接。囊泡以肌球蛋白5 b依赖的方式沿着这些连接定向沿着移动,以会聚并到达细胞表面。囊泡-肌动蛋白-网络的整体向外定向运动是由囊泡向卵母细胞外周质膜的募集驱动的。在一个动态的囊泡-肌动蛋白-网络组织允许囊泡在一个局部随机的方式和全局定向的方式在同一时间移动:他们可以到达细胞质中的任何位置,但也作为一个集体定向移动到细胞表面。因此,网络内的集体运动是囊泡运输的一种强大而灵活的模式。
Intracellular transport is vital for the function, survival and architecture of every eukaryotic cell. Long range transport in animal cells is thought to depend exclusively on microtubule tracks. This study reveals an unexpected actin-dependent but microtubule-independent mechanism for long range transport of vesicles. Vesicles organize their own actin tracks by recruiting the actin nucleation factors Spire1, Spire2 and Formin-2, which assemble an extensive actin network from the vesicles’ surfaces. The network connects the vesicles with each other and with the plasma membrane. Vesicles move directionally along these connections in a Myosin 5b-dependent manner to converge and to reach the cell surface. The overall outward directed movement of the vesicle-actin-network is driven by recruitment of vesicles to the plasma membrane in the periphery of the oocyte. Being organized in a dynamic vesicle-actin-network allows vesicles to move in a local random manner and a global directed manner at the same time: they can reach any position in the cytoplasm, but also move directionally to the cell surface as a collective. Thus, collective movement within a network is a powerful and flexible mode of vesicle transport.
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