Developmental biology of the pancreas
Developmental biology of the pancreas
复制标题
DOI：
10.2337/diabetes.50.2007.s5
复制
发表时间：
2001-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Edlund, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edlund, H
所有胰腺细胞类型（内分泌、外分泌和导管）均源自相同的内胚层背侧和腹侧原基，它们一起生长形成最终的胰腺。 Golosow 和 Grobstein 是胰腺发育研究领域的先驱，Wessels 和 Cohen 也是如此，他们早在 20 世纪 60 年代就进行了经典的胚胎学实验，描述了胰腺的形态发生以及有助于胰腺正常发育的上皮-间质相互作用。最近的研究结果表明，卵泡抑素和成纤维细胞生长因子代表了至少积极促进胰腺外分泌发育的一些关键间充质因子。 LeDouarin 和 Rutter 小组在 20 世纪 70 年代进行的实验证实了胰腺内分泌细胞真正的内胚层起源。关于由Notch信号通路控制的胰腺内分泌细胞的规范（即类似于神经发生过程中神经元被指定的机制）的新获得的见解为长期以来公认的神经元和胰腺内分泌细胞之间的相似性提供了新的理解。最后，对在胰腺发育的不同水平和不同细胞类型中起作用的许多不同转录因子的鉴定，为胰腺发育和糖尿病等各种胰腺疾病提供了有用的信息。有趣的是，迄今为止定义的五种不同的青少年发病型糖尿病（MODY）基因中的四种对应于转录因子，此外，一些转录因子也与2型糖尿病有关。
All pancreatic cell types (endocrine, exocrine, and ductal) are derived from the same endodermal dorsal and ventral anlage, which grow together to form the definitive pancreas. Golosow and Grobstein were pioneers in the field of pancreatic developmental research, as were Wessells and Cohen, who already in the 1960s performed classic embryological experiments describing the morphogenesis of the pancreas and the epithelio-mesenchymal interactions that are instrumental for proper pancreas development. Recent findings suggest that follistatin and fibroblast growth factors represent some of these key mesenchymal factors that actively promote at least pancreatic exocrine development. The true endodermal origin of the pancreatic endocrine cells became evident by experiments performed by the groups of LeDouarin and Rutter in the 1970s. The newly acquired insights regarding the specification of pancreatic endocrine cells as controlled by the notch signaling pathway (i.e., similar to the mechanisms by which neurons are specified during neurogenesis) have provided a novel understanding of the long acknowledged similarities between neurons and the pancreatic endocrine cells. Last, the identification of a number of distinct transcription factors operating at various levels of pancreatic development and in different cell types has provided useful information both on pancreas development and on various pancreatic disorders such as diabetes. Interestingly, four of the hitherto defined five different maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY) genes correspond to transcription factors, and, in addition, several transcription factors have also been linked to type 2 diabetes.