Trends of obesity and underweight in older children and adolescents in the United States, Brazil, China, and Russia
Trends of obesity and underweight in older children and adolescents in the United States, Brazil, China, and Russia
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DOI：
10.1093/ajcn/75.6.971
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发表时间：
2002-06-01
影响因子：
7.1
通讯作者：
Popkin, BM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang, YF;Monteiro, C;Popkin, BM
背景资料：很少有研究在不同国家使用相同的参考文献来检查年龄较大的儿童和青少年的超重和体重不足的趋势，目的：使用国际参考文献，我们检查了来自4个国家的6-18岁青少年的超重和体重不足的趋势。设计：巴西具有全国代表性的数据（1975年和1997年）、俄罗斯（1992年和1998年）和美国（1971-1974年和1988-1994年）以及中国（1991年和1997年）的全国调查数据。为了定义超重，我们使用了国际肥胖工作组推荐的性别和年龄特异性体重指数截止值。第一次美国国家健康和营养调查中的性别和年龄特异性体重指数第五百分位数被用来定义体重不足。结果：在巴西的研究期间，超重的患病率增加（从4.1至13.9），中国（从6.4到7.7），美国（从15.4降至25.6）：巴西（从14.8降至8.6）、中国（从14.5降至13.1）和美国（从5.1降至3.3）的体重不足率有所下降。在俄罗斯，超重下降（从15.6降至9.0），体重不足增加（从6.9降至8.1）。超重患病率的年增长率分别为0.5%（巴西），0.2%（中国），-1.1%（俄罗斯）和0.6%（美国）。结论：营养问题的负担正在从能量失衡不足转向过剩的年龄较大的儿童和青少年在巴西和中国。各国之间的差异可能与关键环境因素的变化和差异有关。
Background: Few studies have used the same references across countries to examine the trends of over- and underweight in older children and adolescents,Objective: Using international references, we examined the trends of overweight and underweight in young persons aged 6-18 y from 4 countries.Design: Nationally representative data from Brazil (1975 and 1997), Russia (1992 and 1998), and the United States (1971-1974 and 1988-1994) and nationwide survey data from China (1991 and 1997) were used. To define overweight, we used the sex- and age-specific body mass index cutoffs recommended by the International Obesity Task Force. The sex- and age-specific body mass index fifth percentile from the first US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was used to define underweight.Results: The prevalence of overweight increased during the study periods in Brazil (from 4.1 to 13.9), China (from 6.4 to 7.7), and the United States (from 15.4 to 25.6): underweight decreased in Brazil (from 14.8 to 8.6), China (from 14.5 to 13.1), and the United States (from 5.1 to 3.3). In Russia, overweight decreased (from 15.6 to 9.0) and under-weight increased (from 6.9 to 8.1). The annual rates of increase in the prevalence of overweight were 0.5% (Brazil), 0.2% (China), -1.1% (Russia), and 0.6% (United States).Conclusions: The burden of nutritional problems is shifting from energy imbalance deficiency to excess among older children and adolescents in Brazil and China. The variations across countries may relate to changes and differences in key environmental factors.