Central sources of visual masking: Indexing structures supporting seeing at a single, brief glance
Central sources of visual masking: Indexing structures supporting seeing at a single, brief glance
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视觉掩蔽的主要来源：支持一目了然的索引结构
DOI：
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发表时间：
1979
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Michael T. Turvey
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文献类型：
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作者：
C. Michaels;Michael T. Turvey;Michael T. Turvey
摘要当两个短暂暴露的、空间重叠的视场以双视方式呈现时，第一个视场的可识别性是分隔它们的起点的间隔的J型函数。中心掩蔽的三个不同来源是从不同起始异步性变量的选择性影响中推断出来的。在通过共同合成的积分中，在或几乎同时开始的两个场产生一个标志性的表示。这一来源的独特性是从同时或几乎同时发病时眼睛优势的选择性影响推断出来的。在较长的起始不同步时，掩蔽对比度和轮廓重叠程度等变量的选择性影响暗示了掩蔽的第二个来源。这一来源被确认为其他地方报道的瞬时通道对持续通道的抑制。通道间抑制被认为会影响图标表征的保真度，但这里的不精确是由于第一个场上与形式相关的信息的丢失。在更长时间开始的异步性中，场是现象分离的，第三组变量(例如，词与非词以及左与右视野)显示了它们的影响。这些效应被认为是替换原理的证据：第二个场的象征性表示将注意力从第一个场转移到另一个场。在这里，第一场的可辨识性受到时间的限制，而不是受贫乏的数据的限制。在最后的一系列实验中，我们展示了中心的三场相互作用。即使插入到两个场之间的时间间隙中的场通过间隔与第一和第三场分开，其中两个场各自都不是有效的掩码，该场在感知上也是受损的。这种第二场凹陷伴随着第一场增强。中央掩蔽的三个来源很难解释三场效应。
SummaryWhen two briefly exposed, spatially overlapping visual fields are presented dichoptically, the identifiability of the first field is a J-shaped function of the interval separating their onsets. Three distinct sources of central masking are inferred from the selective influence of variables at different onset asynchronies. In integration through common synthesis, two fields presented at or near simultaneous onset yield one iconic representation. The distinctiveness of this source is inferred from the selective influence of eye dominance at and near simultaneous onset. At longer onset asynchronies, the selective influence of variables such as mask contrast and degree of contour overlap imply a second source of masking. This source was identified with the inhibition of sustained channels by transient channels reported elsewhere. Interchannel inhibition is proposed to affect the fidelity of the iconic representation, but here the imprecision is due to loss of form-relevant information on the first field. At yet longer onset asynchronies, where the fields are phenomenally separate, a third set of variables (e.g., words vs. nonwords and left vs. right visual fields) show their influence. These effects are taken as evidence of a replacement principle: the iconic representation of the second field directs attention from that of the first field. Here, first-field identifiability is constrained by time rather than by impoverished data.In a final series of experiments, central three-field interactions are demonstrated. A field, inserted into the temporal gap between two fields, is perceptually impaired even though it is separated from the first and third fields by intervals at which, individually, neither field is an effective mask. This second-field depression is accompanied by a first-field enhancement. The three sources of central masking are hard pressed to account for the three-field effects.