Exposure assessment of Portuguese population to multiple mycotoxins: The human biomonitoring approach
Exposure assessment of Portuguese population to multiple mycotoxins: The human biomonitoring approach
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijheh.2019.06.010
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发表时间：
2019-07-01
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Alvito, P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martins, C.;Vidal, A.;Alvito, P.
霉菌毒素是一组相关的食品污染物，具有多种相关的健康后果，例如雌激素、免疫毒性、肾毒性和致畸作用。尽管葡萄牙的数据很少，但全球范围内已经开展了人体生物监测研究，以评估个体水平上的霉菌毒素暴露情况。为了克服数据缺乏的问题，本研究对葡萄牙总人口国家食品、营养和身体活动调查（2015-2016）范围内登记的 94 名参与者的 24 小时尿液和第一晨尿液配对样本中的霉菌毒素进行了分析。盐辅助基质提取后，通过液相色谱-质谱法对尿液样本进行分析，同时测定 37 种尿液霉菌毒素的生物标志物，获得的数据用于估计可能的每日摄入量以及应用危险商法进行风险表征。结果通过 24 小时尿液和清晨尿液配对样本的定量分析，揭示了葡萄牙人群对玉米赤霉烯酮、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇、赭曲霉毒素 A、链格孢醇、柑橘素和伏马菌素 B-1 的暴露情况。风险特征数据揭示了对一些报告的霉菌毒素的潜在担忧，因为一些考虑的参与者超出了参考摄入量。首次在欧洲国家的尿样中鉴定出链格孢醇；然而，由于缺乏参考摄入值，未进行风险表征。这些结果证实霉菌毒素是葡萄牙人群人体接触组的一部分，这加强了对接触决定因素进行进一步研究的必要性。
Mycotoxins constitute a relevant group of food contaminants with several associated health outcomes such as estrogenic, immunotoxic, nephrotoxic and teratogenic effects. Although scarce data are available in Portugal, human biomonitoring studies have been globally developed to assess the exposure to mycotoxins at individual level. In order to overcome this lack of data, the present study concerned the analysis of mycotoxins in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples from 94 participants enrolled within the scope of the National Food, Nutrition, and Physical Activity Survey of the Portuguese General Population (2015-2016). Following a salt-assisted matrix extraction, urine samples were analysed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of 37 urinary mycotoxins' biomarkers and data obtained used to estimate the probable daily intake as well as the risk characterization applying the Hazard Quotient approach. Results revealed the exposure of Portuguese population to zearalenone, deoxynivalenol, ochratoxin A, alternariol, citrinin and fumonisin B-1 through the quantification in 24h urine and first-morning urine paired samples. Risk characterization data revealed a potential concern to some reported mycotoxins since the reference intake values were exceeded by some of the considered participants. Alternariol was identified for the first time in urine samples from a European country; however, risk characterization was not performed due to lack of reference intake value. These results confirmed mycotoxins as part of the human exposome of the Portuguese population reinforcing the need for further studies regarding the determinants of exposure.